HpP
/.■■' f S v-'
,...isasS"
Brick for a church represents only a small portion
of the total cost of the building . . . yet this is the item
which determines the beauty, durability, and
economy of the entire structure. It is little wonder that
over the years, architects, contractors, and church
engineers have been quick to realize the real value and
many advantages of brick: Low original cost,
low maintenance, fire resistant, and everlasting beauty.
Manufacturers of
TERSTAT
Burned Clay Products
RICK CO
3100 South 11th East
Salt Lake City 6, Utah
by Dr. Franklin S. Harris, Jr.
Our Modern Alphabet
Our modern English alphabet of
26 letters has come to us from Egyp-
tian, Phoenician, Greek, Etruscan,
and Roman alphabets. The Romans
gave us a Latin alphabet of 23 let-
ters. The sounds for which the
symbol i had been written, in the
early middle ages, were separated
into the symbols i and / during the
fifteenth century, and similarly the
sounds represented by v became
separated into u and v in the 10th
century, and w in the 11th century.
Dictionaries as late as the 19th cen-
tury continued to arrange items
beginning with u and v in one list
without distinguishing in position
between the u and v.
The Greatest Rainfall
The highest
recorded rainfall
in 24 hours is
the 46-inch fall
on July 14 and
15, 191 1, at
Baguio, Luzon,
Philippines. The
greatest rainfall
in one year oc-
curred in 1860-
1861, in Cherra-
punji, India, and
totaled 1042 inches, or over 86 feet!
A Great Loss
It is estimated that about one-
third of all water diverted for irri-
gation is lost on the way to the actual
fields.
Deep-sea Organisms
From the ocean depths of 13,200
and 16,200 feet a live sand flea and
a sea worm have been brought to
the surface and still live. The deep-
sea organisms were successfully
"fished" by the Lamont Geological
Observatory of Columbia University.
APRIL 1958
All the
"FLAVOR
is not in the soup
(or the cheese or salad or dip, or whatever
you serve with Saltine Crackers by Purity)
-Lhe fresh saltine goodness and crackling
crispness of these famous crackers, add
their own perky touch to your enjoyment of
the hearty flavors in your favorite soup.
When the dish, or the simple snack, calls for
crackers, taste what a difference
Saltines by Purity makes.
At your favorite grocer's
in 1 and 2 pound cartons
209
The Improvement Era, The Voice of the Church, Volume 61, Number 4, April 1958.
Official organ of the priesthood quorums, Mutual Improvement Associations, ward
teachers, Music Committee, Department of Education, and other agencies of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Church Features
The Editor's Page: He is risen: He is not here
President David O. McKay 222
Your Question: Baptism in Ancient Times
President Joseph Fielding Smith 224
The Great Labor of Love (New Zealand Temple) Gordon T. Allred 226
The Standards of the Church (Family Hour Discussion Topic)
George Q. Morris 234
Church members saddened by death of Elder Adam S. Bennion
Albert L. Zobell, Jr. 240
The Lord Is Resurrected— MIA Reading Course: Jesus the Christ— XXII
Doyle L. Green 246
The Church Moves On, 218; Melchizedek Priesthood, 250; The Presiding Bishopric's
Page, 252.
Special Features
So You Want to Raise a Boy? (First of a series) W. Cleon Skousen 230
How to Make your Lessons Live Dale T. Tingey 236
Leadership Development: The Miracle of Personality
Sterling W. Sill 242
Thoughts for Your Inspirational Talk: ". . . Where the heart is" 249
The Spoken Word from Temple Square Richard L. Evans 266, 268, 274, 284
Exploring the Universe, Franklin S. Harris, Jr., 209; These Times: The Moral Equivalent
of War, G. Homer Durham, 213; Letters and Reports, 214; Bookrack, 273.
Lynne A. Pettit 278
282
288
Helen K. Orgill 238
244, 245, 254, 256, 258
Today's Family:
Food and Teamwork
Household Helps
The Last Word
Stories, Poetrij
Northward Ho the Prairies (Conclusion)
Poetry
David O. McKay and Richard L. Evans, Editors; Doyle L. Green, Managing Editor;
Marba C. Josephson, Associate Managing Editor; Elizabeth J. Moffitt, Production Editor;
Albert L. Zobell, Jr., Research Editor; Eileen Gibbons, Manuscript Editor; Gordon T.
Allred, Editorial Associate; Ralph Reynolds and Ed Maryon, Art Directors.
Archibald F. Bennett, G. Homer Durham, Franklin S. Harris, Jr., Milton R. Hunter,
Hugh Nibley, Claude B. Petersen, Sidney B. Sperry, Contributing Editors.
Elbert R. Curtis, General Manager; Bertha S. Reeder, Associate General Manager; Verl F.
Scott, Business Manager; A. Glen Snarr, Subscription Director; Thayer Evans, Regional
Advertising Representative.
The Improvement Era Offices, 50 North Main Street, Salt Lake City 16, Utah
Copyright 1958 by Mutual Funds, Inc., and published by the Mutual Improvement Associations of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints. All rights reserved. Subscription price, $2.50 a year, in advance; foreign subscriptions, $3.00 a year, in
advance; 25c single copy.
Entered at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah as second-class matter. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage
provided for in section 1103. Act of October 1917, authorized July 2, 1918.
The Improvement Era is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, but welcomes contributions. Manuscripts are paid for on
acceptance at the rate of l'Ac a word and must be accompanied by sufficient postage for delivery and return.
Thirty days' notice required for change of address. When ordering a change, please include address slip from a recent issue
of the magazine. Address changes cannot be made unless the old address as well as the new one is included.
Cover— April 20th marks
the dedicatory date for our
cover subject, the New
Zealand Temple, shown as
drawn by Church architect
Edward O. Anderson and
adapted for the Era
by Hal Rumel Studio.
210
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Utah's junior senator,
proudly proclaims his heritage
1.
SENATOR WALLACE F. BENNETT'S
*JkSE&
THE PROPHET
An eyewitness account of the
life and work of the Prophet
GEORGE Q.
CANNON
The author. of this well-written history
interviewed living witnesses concerning
the events and happenings in the Proph-
et's life as well as reading the Prophet's
own records of the early history of the
Church. Prom this eyewitness approach,
this book gains vividness and veracity.
$3.50
1 .£" * ■'
I
WHY I AM
A MORMON
Wallace f-8*""*"
In a clear style Senator Bennett
covers the cardinal points of LDS
doctrine, giving the Church's teach-
ings on the plan of salvation, the
nature of man, mortality and im-
mortality, Jesus the Christ, and
God. He also vividly describes
events in LDS history and con-
cludes with a personal testimony,
$2.75
Answers to
Gospel
Questions
A complete wedding book with a Temple page —
Salt Lake, Los Angeles, Logan or Idaho Falls Temple.
This handsome volume, in white leatherette, has
title embossed in silver on cover. It provides pages
for information on engagement, family trees of
bride and groom, guest and gift lists, and plastic
pages for photographs. $6.50
JOSEPH FIELDING
SMITH
A Best Seller!
Because it: Answers so many timely questions asked
by Church members.
Because it is written by such a well-informed member
of the General Authorities of the Church.
Questions asked most frequently by LDS
Church members on the beliefs, practices,
and interpretations of Scriptures are given
concrete and concise answers by the
Church's leading scriptorian.
$2.50
See handy mail order coupon on next page
BweretlllBooh Co.
. 44 East South . Temple -Salt Lake City.- Utah , ^
APRIL 1958
211
Inspiring words of faith and courage
from a beloved Apostle . . .
5.
DR. ADAM S. BENNION'S
*
While memory lasts, "The Candle of the Lord" will rekindle the
glow of inspiration which the gifted, friendly spirit of Adam S.
Bennion brought to the thousands who enjoyed hearing his amiable
voice. His personality was a catalyst which sparked the personalities
of others to noble action. His ideas furnished the fire and his
enthusiasm fanned the flame. In this book he speaks again on themes
which filled his heart: the spiritual life, love of country, his dedica-
tion to youth, and his faith in the noble potentialities of his
fellow men.
$3.75
6.
NOEL C. STEVENSON'S
the genealogical
reader
The author of this "Genealogi-
cal Reader" has drawn from
many sources the very best
information on genealogical
research. Much of the data has
been taken from leading
magazines. Beginners and vet-
eran researchers will find up-to-
the-minute information on
genealogical research and how
it can be best accomplished.
By the author of "Search
and Research."
$2.50
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Amount enclosed $ for encircled (numbered)
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BENJAMIN ALWARD
ip
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This companion book to "Know the Bible" contains more
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and Pearl of Great Price. Also, in this one volume, is valuable
information and historical data on these three volumes.
$3.75
8.
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Clear, legible type. $6.00
212
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
These Times
The Moral
Equivalent of War
by Dr. G. Homer Durham
Vice President, University of Utah
In the year of his death, the Amer-
ican psychologist William James
(1842-1910) pondered human be-
havior and the problem of war. In
man's competitive and combative in-
stincts he saw ( 1 ) the seeds of pro-
gress and achievement and also (2)
the source of conflict and war. How
to curb the latter without destroying
the former? James offered some sug-
gestions in his famous essay, "The
Moral Equivalent of War."
This year, 1958, may be the year
some readers of this column have
the opportunity to go to Russia. As
representatives of the United States
of America— if they are US citizens
(citizens of other countries face
similar possibilities) some may be
introducing William James' "moral
equivalent" on a broad front.
On January 27, 1958, the Depart-
ment of State signed an agreement
for cultural exchange with the Soviet
Union. Three months of negotia-
tions were involved. Ambassador
William Lacy represented the
United States. Ambassador G. N.
Zaroubin represented the Soviet
APRIL 1958
Union. Vice-president Nixon hailed
the achievement in a special news
release.
In 1958 and 1959 the Soviet Union
will send nine delegations to the
United States in the following fields :
1. Agricultural mechanics
2. Animal husbandry
3. Veterinary science
4. Mixed foods
5. Cotton growing
6. Agricultural construction and
electrification
7. Horticulture
8. Irrigation and reclamation
9. Forestry, lumbering, and mill-
work
The United States will send dele-
gations to the Soviet Union in the
same fields during the two years.
If you are an agricultural scientist,
this exchange may provide you with
your next foreign mission!
If you are a medical man with a
specialty in antibiotics, the physiol-
ogy or pharmacology of the nervous
system, radiobiology, biochemistry,
metabolic disease, endocrinology, or
commu- (Continued on page 284)
The NAKED
COMMUNIST
W. Cleon Skousen
Here is undoubtedly the easiest
understood volume ever pub-
lished on Communism, written
by former FBI man and BYU
faculty member, the author of
two popular LDS Church books:
"Prophecy and Modern Times"
and "The First 2000 Years,"
W. Cleon Skousen, who is now
the Chief of Police in Salt Lake
City. $4.95
Questions answered:
• Who gave Russia the A-Bomb?
• How did the FBI fight the battle of
the underground?
• Why did the West lose 600 million
allies after World War II?
• What really happened in Korea?
DwcrcttSrkBooh to.
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213
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214
LAIE SCOUT RECEIVES EAGLE BADGE
Leroy Keliiliki is believed to be the first
Boy Scout in Laie, Hawaii, to receive bis
Eagle badge. His mother, Mrs. John
Keliiliki, pinned it on during Scout
Sunday, February 9, while his father,
Elder Keliiliki, looked on (left). Next to
Leroy is George Q. Cannon, Jr., of the
mission presidency, and president of the
Aloha Council, BSA. Scoutmaster Aurillio
Wayas is at the right. Leroy, who is
fourteen years old, is a teacher in the
Aaronic Priesthood of the Laie Second
Ward, Oabu Stake. He has three Aaronic
Priesthood awards and next year hopes to
receive the Deseret Recognition award.
New York, New York
Dear Editors:
. . . Incidentally, we want to congratu-
late you on the modernization of your
magazine. We think it is now one of the
most attractive magazines in the religious
field.
Sincerely,
Three Lions, Inc.
M. G. Lowenherz
Schenectady, New York
Dear Editors:
My husband and I extend our con-
gratulations to you for your new format.
The November issue was a pleasant sur-
prise since we were not expecting to see
such a change in the magazine. We are
happy to see that this new format extends
even to the spot illustrations. The entire
magazine is much more attractive. It de-
mands to be read.
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. Hugh Woodbury
FPO, San Francisco,
California
Dear Editors,
By the influence of your wonderful
magazine, The Improvement Era, I was
able to convert one of my shipmates. Now
he is on his way home for separation from
the navy. He asked me to write and start
a subscription for him.
A new chapel is soon to be built in An-
niston, Alabama, which is just six miles
from his home.
I hope that through my influence and
The Improvement Era's great help, more
people will realize the truth of our mes-
sage. I have really gained a testimony
while serving in the navy. I have been
blessed and will do my best to serve my
God and fellow man.
May the Lord bless you in your wonder-
ful work.
Cordially yours,
/s/ Elden Clyde
A FAMILY OF WINNERS
Ogden Twenty-first Ward, Lorin Farr
( Utah ) Stake is proud of its Sunday School
attenders, especially the children of Elder
and Sister E. Herbert Chase. Left to
right, first row, Jill has four years perfect
attendance and Dana six years. Back
row, Dale has seven years, Brooke nine
years, and Ladd eight years Sunday School
attendance, all without a miss. They also
have an excellent Primary record. Dale
is in his second year of cub Scouting. Ladd
and Brooke have carried their attendance
activity into MIA, where Ladd is a Ten-
derfoot Scout and Brooke is a Life Scout,
with all his merit badges received for his
Eagle. Sister Chase teaches the Trail
Builder class in Primary.
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
HOW THE CLUB PLAN
SAVES YOU UP TO 20%
With every four books you buy thru
the LDS Books Club, you receive a fifth
book of your choice absolutely free!
(A long list of prized LDS Books will
be sent to you from which you may
choose.) Thus you get five fine church
books for the price of four ... a
savings of approximately 20%.
CAREFUL SELECTIONS.
Each book recommended by the Club
has been carefully selected after a
thorough review of new publications.
Written reviews of these books will be
sent to you each month, with one of
the books being named book-of-the-
month.
CONVENIENCE.
After reading the reviews, if you wish
to receive the top book you do nothing
— it will be sent to you postpaid along
with a statement. If you do not want
the book, you return the postcard pro-
vided for an alternate selection (or none
at all).
BOOKS FOR CHILDREN.
To fill the need for good books in
growing families, many wonderful titles
are offered to suit every age group from
tots to teens.
OLDER L.D.S. CLASSICS.
Many of the very finest Church classics
are available to Club members through
the Club and carry bonus credit. Non-
bookclub selections are available to
Club members also. However, these
books do not carry bonus credit.
HOW TO JOIN.
You join the LDS Books Club by order-
ing "The Mormon Story" or any of the
other choice books listed at the right.
You may order as many books each
month as you want or as few as four
books a year will keep your membership
active. After you have purchased four
Book Club selections, you may select
your free bonus book from a long list
of choice Church books. This list is
constantly being revised and added to.
Many book-of-the-month selections ap-
pear on it.
BUILD YOUR IDS LIBRARY
SYSTEM TICALL Y. . . THE EASY
LDS BOOKS CLUB WAY!
CHOOSE ONE OF THESE BOOKS AS YOUR FIRST SELECTION:
1. THE MORMON STORY
A pictorial account of Mormonism
by Rulon S. Howells
There is no other book like this best-seller.
Contains hundreds of rare photographs,
full color paintings, and illustrations vividly
portraying the significant events in the
restoration, growth and progress of the
Church. Children are fascinated with it . . .
adults (both in and out of the Church)
are thrilled and inspired by it. It belongs
in every LDS Library.
$3.95
2. Book of Mormon Stories For
Young Latter-day Saints
By Emma Marr Petersen. Everything chil-
dren love in their reading . . . heroes, ad-
venture, intrigue, and excitement — are
found in these true stories from the Book
of Mormon. Builds faith in God.
$3.00
4. Gospel Ideals
Discourses of President David O. McKay
containing important gospel principles ex-
pounded with keen insight. Current course
of study for Sunday School Gospel Doctrine
class.
$4.00
6. Our Lord of the Gospels
By J. Reuben Clark, Jr. Brings all the teach-
ings of Jesus contained in the Four Gospels
and the Book of Mormon into one complete
harmony. Current Melchizedek Priesthood
course of study.
$5.00
3. JOSEPH SMITH BEGINS
HIS WORK
Contains an authentic reproduction of a
complete "First Edition" Book of Mormon
reprinted from the original uncut sheets of
E. B. Grandin. See Bookcraft ad, page 216
for complete description of this classic.
$5.95
5. Our Leaders Speak
Excerpts from speeches given at BYU devo-
tionals by General Authorities and such
well known people as Cecil B. DeMille.
$2.95
7. Doctrine and Covenants
Commentary
By Joseph Fielding Smith and others. A
completely indexed and revised edition. A
most valuable help to studying and under-
standing this important book of scripture.
$4.00
FILL OUT
COUPON AND
MAIL TODAY!
If you do not wish to
mutilate your Era
send information on
separate sheet
LDS BOOKS CLUB 4-58
161 East Utopia Ave., Salt Lake City 15, Utah
Enroll me as a member of the LDS Books Club and send the follow-
ing circled book(s) as my first selection. Check or money order for
$ enclosed. (Utah residents add 2% sales tax.)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Name ..
Address
City
State.
APRIL 1958
215
WOULD
YOU LIKE
TO OWN A
"FIRST EDITION"
BOOK OF
NOW AVAILABLE ... the book
that everyone has waited for!
Contains a reprint of the entire
'First Edition" Book of Mormon
from the original uncut printed
sheets from the press of
E. B. Grandin!
mwmsm
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I SMITH
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BOOKCRAFT
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1186 South Main Salt Lake City, Utah
1. JOSEPH SMITH BEGINS HIS WORK
With Photos and Documents
Provided by
Wilford C. Wood
Here for the first time is your opportunity to
own an authentically reproduced "First Edition"
Book of Mormon, reprinted by a costly photo-
offset process from original uncut sheets
taken from the press of E. B. Grandin in Palmyra.
In addition to the complete 1830 "First Edition"
Book of Mormon, this volume contains rare
photographs, documents, and little known facts
concerning the history of the Book and its
actual printing. Every student of the Book of
Mormon will want a copy. Limited edition will
be available so order your copy now. $5.95
216
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
2. ROUTE FROM LIVERPOOL TO
GREAT SALT LAKE VALLEY
The first book in the "Reprints of Classics" series.
First published in 1855, this classic historical record of the
L.O.S. emigration from Europe is richly illustrated by
Frederick Piercy of Liverpool who made the trip to Salt Lake and
back specifically to sketch the highlights and scenic
wonders of the journey. His inspired and authentic draw-
ings and his fascinating commentary present a rare insight into
the faith and courage of those early saints. Along with the
scores of priceless illustrations is a geographical and
historical description of the emigration right up to the close
of 1855. Illustrations include views of Nauvoo and the
ruins of the Temple, views of Carthage jail, portraits
of Joseph, Hyrum, their Mother, Lucy Smith, and sons of the
Prophet, Joseph and David Smith. Original editions of this
classic are bringing $300.00 today.
$4.00
3. WHY I AM A MORMON
By Wallace F. Bennett
Written primarily for the non-Mormon, the author has here turned out
a remarkable book for every Mormon to read and enjoy. Clear, forceful
and direct, this inspiring volume guides the reader through the history
of the Church, introduces its founders and makes them live, and explains
the doctrines and principles that have made the Church great. It is an
interesting trip through all Mormonism, led by a dynamic guide who
has an abiding faith in God and the divinity of the Gospel. Will help
any Church member answer the question: "Why am I a Mormon?"
$2.75
w
•£:::::::
II
BOOKCRAFT
PUBLISHERS TO THE L.D.S. TRADE
1 1 86 SOUTH MAIN • HU 7-7488
APRIL 1958
4. THAT YE MIGHT HAVE JOY
By Bryant S. Hinckley
Now, a sequel to the very popular volume, "Not By Bread Alone."
Teachers, officers, and leaders of all ages addresses. Its pages are packed with
will find this rich collection of short arti- faith, encouragement, comfort and down-
cles and stories an invaluable source of to-earth helps for solving day to day
nspiration and help for lessons and public problems. $1.50
BOOKCRAFT 4-58
1186 South Main, Salt Lake City, Utah
Please send the following circled books for which M
I enclose $.. in ( ) check or ( ) money
order. J*Ks
12 3 4 ||
Name
Address
City Slate |?£"
217
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The Church
Moves On
February 1958
Elder Harold B. Lee of the Council of the Twelve dedicated
the chapel of the Redwood First and Second wards, North
Jordan (Utah) Stake.
Elder LeGrand Richards of the Council of the Twelve dedi-
cated the chapel of the Grant Ward, South Los Angeles (California)
Stake.
Taylorsville (Utah) Stake divided to form Kearns, Kearns North,
and Taylorsville stakes. Elder Merrill A. Nelson, first counselor
in the Taylorsville Stake presidency, sustained as president of
Kearns Stake, with Elders Grant H. Linford and Sheldon H. Holmes
as counselors. There are five wards in Kearns Stake with a mem-
bership of approximately 5100. Elder Volma W. Heaton sustained
as president of Kearns North Stake, with Elders Jack R. Prince
and Eugene W. Pearson as counselors. There are six wards in
Kearns North Stake, with a combined membership of approximately
4800. President Wayne C. Player continues to preside in Taylors-
ville Stake, with Elder Seymour J. Godfrey, his former second
counselor, sustained as first counselor, and Elder Richard A. Barker
sustained as his new second counselor. There are three wards
in Taylorsville Stake. Elders Harold B. Lee and Henry D. Moyle
of the Council of the Twelve directed these changes, bringing
the total number of stakes now functioning in the Church to 256.
Representatives of fifteen Ogden (Utah) area stakes ap-
proved plans for the construction of a new 210-bed hospital
upon a twenty-seven acre tract in Ogden. When the new
building is completed, the Thomas D. Dee Memorial Hospital will
be disposed of, it was decided.
An expansion program for Brigham Young University was
announced by Dr. Ernest L. Wilkinson, its president, who
also announced a fund-raising campaign to support it. Presi-
dent W. Noble Waite of South Los Angeles Stake had previously
been named to head the fund drive. The first goal is to raise five
million dollars in the next three and one-half years. Thereafter,
the program will be expanded to meet the further needs of the
university. President Wilkinson explained that the BYU "look into
the future" will concentrate on five goals: (1) establishment of an
outstanding faculty with improved salaries; (2) additional scholar-
ships; (3) expansion of the campus; (4) extension of BYU services
to the Church; (5) increased laboratory and library facilities. No
timetable has been set up for the completion of the developments,
but hopes are that they can be completed by 1975, the centennial
year for the "Y."
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
N N
U N
I N
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APRIL 1958
219
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Let us recommend a good oculist
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Three convenient locations —
THE
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420 Boston Building
352 East First South
1062 East 2100 South
Elder Thorpe B. Isaacson of the Presiding Bishopric dedi-
cated the chapel of San Pedro Ward. The building also
serves as the center for the Redondo (California) Stake.
Elder Milo J. Bosshardt sustained as president of North Sevier
(Utah) Stake, with Elders Victor J. Rasmussen and Melvin J. Thai-
man. They succeed President Dale H. Petersen and his counselors,
Elder Blain C. Curtis and G. Glen Taylor.
Elder William L. Stoker, formerly first counselor in San Mateo
(California) Stake presidency, sustained as president, succeeding
President Melvin P. Pickering. Elder William S. Durrant, formerly
second counselor, sustained as first counselor. Elder James B.
Jacobson sustained as the new second counselor.
Elder Adam S. Bennion of the Council of the Twelve died
at 8:35 this morning. Death came quietly to the seventy-one
year-old Church leader who had suffered a cerebral hem-
orrhage on February 5.
Funeral services were conducted in the Salt Lake Tabernacle
for Elder Adam S. Bennion of the Council of the Twelve.
Three new members of the general board of the Relief So-
ciety were announced: Irene B. Woodford, Pearle M. Olsen,
and M. Elsa T. Peterson.
The First Presidency announced the appointment of Elder
Erick Albert Rosenvall as president of the New Zealand
Temple. Elder Rosenvall, a Salt Lake City builder, has
been serving as a labor missionary in New Zealand since the sum-
mer of 1955.
General President Bertha S. Reeder of the YWMIA an-
nounced that a total of 38,218 individual awards were pre-
sented to young women during the year closing May 31, 1957.
This represented an increase of 2103 over 1956. Awards given in
the missions also increased from 1216 to 1346. Leaders awards
rose from 5803 to 6432 in the year in the stakes and from 241 to 314
in the missions.
Orlando Stake, 257th such unit now functioning in the
Church, organized in Florida with Elder W. Leonard Duggar
sustained as president, and Elders Farrell A. Munns and W.
Eugene Hawkins sustained as counselors. Wards are in Tampa,
Bradenton, Winter Haven, Ellsworth Ward (at Deer Park), Mel-
bourne, and Orlando. Branches are in Dunedin, St. Petersburg,
Springfield, Dade City, Sanford, New Smyrna Beach, Fruitland
Park, Belleview, and Daytona Beach. About thirty-two hundred
members are in the area embraced by the stake. The organization
was effected by Elders Henry D. Moyle and Delbert L. Stapley
of the Council of the Twelve.
Elder J. Burns Beal, formerly first counselor in the Lost River
(Idaho) Stake sustained as president, succeeding President J. Cleve
Hansen, who was released with his second counselor, Elder Fred
H. Boyer. President Beal's counselors are Elders Vernon H. Kotter
and John L. Dalling.
March 1958
Monterey Bay Stake organized from portions of San Jose
(California) Stake, with Elder James Newton Wallace sus-
tained as president, and Elders George Wilbur Wheatley
and Quenton J. Taylor sustained as counselors. Wards are Pacific
Grove, Seaside, Salinas, Santa Cruz, and Watsonville. Branches
are Gilroy, Harmony Hills, and Hollister. There are also two
servicemen's groups at Fort Ord, functioning under the stake's
direction.
220
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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APRIL 1958
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221
The age-old query; the glorious answer
He is
Since man in his forgetfulness of im-
mortality first looked with wonderment
at the starry heavens or sought in vain
to solve the mystery of his being, there
has harbored in every intelligent human
being's mind the age-old query pro-
pounded by Job: "If a man die, shall
he live again?" (Job 14:14.)
It is the question of the ages, and
though divine messages, like flashes
from the eternal, gave to every genera-
tion an affirmative answer, yet millions
throughout the centuries refused to ac-
cept the light as authentic and accord-
ingly lived their allotted time in doubt
and died in dreadful darkness; because,
they reasoned, no one had ever returned
from the realm beyond the grave.
The most significant event, therefore,
in all human history was the discovery
of the empty tomb on that memorable
first day of the week, together with the
answer from the heavenly being.
"Ye seek Jesus of Nazareth, which
was crucified: he is risen; he is not here;
behold the place where they laid him."
(Mark 16:6.)
Those lines when written had no refer-
ence whatever to Easter. They were a
simple statement concerning the resur-
rection of Jesus Christ— one of the
greatest events in the history of mankind.
Easter, a spring festival, was adopted
from the pagan celebration given in hon-
or of Eostro, a Saxon goddess of spring
corresponding to Ashtoreth of Syria.
All that men say of Eastertide as the
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
The Editors Page
risen: He is not here
by President David O. McKay
season of new life and new hope may be appropriately
connoted with this ancient pre-Christian festival. True,
spring and the resurrection are happily associated, not
that there is anything in nature exactly analogous to
the resurrection, but there is so much of springtime
which suggests the thought of awakening. Like the
stillness of death, Old Winter has held in his grasp
all vegetable life, but as spring approaches, the tender,
life-giving power and heat and light compel him to
relinquish his grip, and what seemed to have been
dead gradually awakens to a newness of life.
Not a symbol but a reality
But the reawakening of physical life or even the
rehabilitation of spiritual ideals is not the real signifi-
cance of Easter as celebrated by the early Christians.
They commemorated the coming forth from the
tomb of their Crucified Lord, the Resurrected Christ.
To all who accept Christ as Savior, his resurrection
is not a symbolism but a reality.
That his coming forth from the tomb was accepted
as a fact by his disciples is a certainty. They knew,
for their eyes beheld, their ears heard, their hands
felt his corporeal presence. It was the knowledge
that the Resurrected Lord talked with them and
moved among them that changed discouraged, fright-
ened, despairing disciples to confident, fearless, heroic
preachers of the gospel of Jesus Christ.
On the evidence of these sincere, guileless, God-
fearing witnesses, faith in the resurrection of Christ
"has its impregnable foundation."
One of the first to put his testimony in writing was
Marcus, whose original Jewish name was John. There
is reason to believe that he was a convert of Peter
who affectionately refers to him as "Marcus, my son."
Certainly he was closely associated with the chief
apostle from whom he heard at the time— not years
after— all the details surrounding Jesus' death, burial,
and resurrection. From Mark we hear the glorious
proclamation of the first empty tomb in all the world.
No one can doubt that Mark was convinced in
his soul that Christ had come forth from the grave.
To him the resurrection was not questionable, it was
real, and the appearance of his Lord and Master
among men was a fact established in his mind beyond
the shadow of doubt.
Another who records the testimony of eyewitnesses
was Luke, a gentile, a proselyte of Antioch in Syria,
where he followed the profession of physician. What
he wrote was a result of personal inquiry and investi-
gation, and was drawn from all available sources.
Particularly he interviewed and recorded the declara-
tions of those "who from the beginning were eyewit-
nesses and ministers of the word." He avers that he
"accurately traced all things from the very first," so
that he might "write them in order." This means
that Luke obtained the testimony of these eyewit-
nesses directly from them, not from previous narra-
tives.
Document gives testimony
With assurance as to their accuracy, we can accept
his statements in regard to Peter's and Paul's and other
apostles' testimonies regarding the resurrection. True,
neither Mark nor Luke testifies that he saw the Living
Christ; but fortunately there is a document which
gives the personal testimony of an eyewitness to an
appearance of Jesus after his death and burial. This
personal witness also corroborates the testimony not
only of the two men I have quoted, but of others,
also. I refer to Saul, a Jew of Tarsus, educated at the
feet of Gamaliel, a strict Pharisee; and, before his
conversion, Saul was a bitter persecutor of all who
believed in Jesus of (Continued on page 283)
APRIL 1958
Is baptism for the remission of sins
time of the Savior only, or
Your
Question
by Joseph Fielding Smith
President of the Council of the Twelve
QUESTION: "In our study group we were
discussing the words of Jesus to Nicodemus: 'Except
a man he horn of water and of the Spirit, he cannot
enter into the kingdom of God;' (John 3:5) and the
question arose whether this was an edict given by the
Savior that was binding on the world from his time
only, or if this practice and commandment had existed
from the beginning of time. Some of us thought it
was a new doctrine binding upon the world from the
Saviors time and that in ancient times, and until his
coining, there were other principles of salvation which
did not include baptism and the laying on of hands
for the gift of the Holy Ghost. It was stated that
baptism is not mentioned in the Old Testament and
it was felt by some surely if it was the practice an-
ciently the Old Testament would have some mention
of it. Will you be so kind as to enlighten us on this
question?"
ANSWER: Your view is one believed in
by some religious denominations, but it is contrary
to the teachings of the Bible.
Baptism for the remission of sins is an ordinance
of the gospel which has been required of all who
seek the kingdom of God since the transgression of
Adam. We may well believe that it is an ordinance
which has prevailed on every earth created through
the ages where mortality prevailed. In fact, each
principle and ordinance of the gospel has always been
required for the salvation of mortal man.
There are several reasons why baptism would not
be mentioned in the Old Testament. First, baptism
is a Greek word meaning to dip or immerse. The
Old Testament was written in Hebrew, therefore the
word baptism would not be found in the original
writings. There are some passages in the Old Testa-
ment that could be interpreted to refer to baptism
such as washing and cleansing. The font in the temple
of Solomon was evidently used for this purpose.
Second, through the years scribes were busy mak-
ing copies of the scriptures, and they inadvertently,
or otherwise, made some changes. There is no original
copy of any of the books of the Bible known to man
224
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
an ordinance of the gospel binding on the world from the
was it also required in earlier dispensations?
today; that eliminations could have occurred is very
possible.
Third, in later translations after the scriptures fell
into the hands of Christian scholars who did not
accept baptism by immersion, other errors could have
occurred. Especially was this the case as it was re-
vealed to Nephi by the angel of the Lord. On this
point Nephi wrote:
"And the angel of the Lord said unto me: Thou hast
beheld that the book proceeded forth from the mouth
of a Jew; and when it proceeded forth from the mouth
of a Jew it contained the plainness of the gospel of
the Lord, of whom the twelve apostles bear record;
and they bear record according to the truth which
is in the Lamb of God.
"Wherefore, these things go forth from the Jews
in purity unto the Gentiles, according to the truth
which is in God..
"And after they go forth by the hand of the twelve
apostles of the Lamb, from the Jews unto the Gentiles,
thou seest the foundation of a great and abominable
church, which is most abominable above all other
churches; for behold, they have taken away from the
gospel of the Lamb many parts which are plain and
most precious; and also many covenants of the Lord
have they taken away.
"And all this have they done that they might per-
vert the right ways of the Lord, that they might blind
the eyes and harden the hearts of the children of
men."1
Baptism a fundamental principle
The Book of Mormon teaches us that baptism for
the remission of sins was a fundamental principle of
the gospel among the Nephites from the time of Lehi
all through their history. Jacob, son of Lehi, in a
most wonderful discourse on the mission of Jesus
Christ, said to them:
"And he commandeth all men that they must re-
pent, and be baptized in his name, having perfect
faith in the Holy One of Israel, or they cannot be
saved in the kingdom of God.
(See page 287 for footnotes.)
"And if they will not repent and believe in his
name, and be baptized in his name, and endure to the
end, they must be damned; for the Lord God, the
Holy One of Israel, has spoken it."2
All through the Book of Mormon there are refer-
ences to baptism as an ordinance for the remission
of sins. What their word for baptism was is not
revealed, but in the translation the Prophet Joseph
Smith used the familiar expression of our time.
Purpose of baptism explained
In the Pearl of Great Price the purpose of baptism
is explained as taught to Adam as follows:
"Wherefore teach it unto your children, that all
men, everywhere, must repent, or they can in nowise
inherit the kingdom of God, for no unclean thing
can dwell there, or dwell in his presence; for, in the
language of Adam, Man of Holiness is his name, and
the name of his Only Begotten is the Son of Man,
even Jesus Christ, a righteous Judge, who shall come
in the meridian of time.
"Therefore I give unto you a commandment, to
teach these things freely unto your children, saying:
"That by reason of transgression cometh the fall,
which fall bringeth death, and inasmuch as ye were
born into the world by water, and blood, and the
spirit, which I have made, and so became of dust a
living soul, even so ye must be born again into the
kingdom of heaven, of water, and of the Spirit, and
be cleansed by blood, even the blood of mine Only
Begotten; that ye might be sanctified from all sin,
and enjoy the words of eternal life in this world, and
eternal life in the world to come, even immortal glory;
"For by the water ye keep the commandment; by
the Spirit ye are justified, and by the blood ye are
sanctified."3
Therefore Adam was baptized, and the Spirit of
God descended upon him, and thus "he was born of
the Spirit, and became quickened in the inner man."4
When John the Baptist came from the wilderness
crying repentance and baptizing all who came to him,
his act did not seem to create any curiosity as if he
were introducing some (Continued on page 261)
APRIL 1958
225
The great
labor of love
Gordon T. Alfred, Editorial Associate
When a lonely seaman arrived in Tuhikaramea,
New Zealand, many months ago— from no one knows
where— he little realized that his wandering days had
about ended.
While all the facts are not known, something about
like this occurred:
Through tired eyes he beheld a vast sweep of land
undergoing birth pains— a series of buildings, one of
which bore the marks of a modern college. Beyond,
swelling on a hill, was something else. What was it,
a giant chapel? A great edifice out there, its tower
stabbing at the sky. Perhaps the scene sobered him
a little.
Wandering on, he encountered a group of Maori
workers, boys most of them, and began asking ques-
tions. A little later, when his sea legs grew rubbery
from fatigue, the workers took him to their own
quarters, fed and put him up for the night.
It may have been some time before he even faintly
understood what the project really was, but the next
day, reluctant to leave, he joined the work crew, a crew
which, strangely enough, received no wages— only
board and room and a small weekly allowance. More
curious still, the entire construction program, with
some two hundred workers and technicians, func-
tioned on the same basis. Those people called them-
selves "Mormons." Young men, older men with wives
and children, Maoris and Americans together, they
formed a compact community of about five hundred,
all donating their time to the construction of a college
and a temple. What's more, he learned, such people
were doing similar things throughout the South
Pacific— building schools, and chapels, teaching their
philosophy. Free!
Yes, he'd heard about the Mormons somewhere—
a strange lot, weren't they? But this, all that was
going on about him. . . . And they were doing it all
free. This beggared the wildest tales he'd ever heard
Air view of temple project
temple, motels on left. 1
r&
Temple president's home to the rear of
:ed gardens are planned for the hill slopes.
Scaffolding for the 157-foot tower. The
temple at this stage was over half finished.
about such people. It was even more incredible than
the story about a people with horns sprouting from
their heads.
They were a happy people, a singing people, a
smiling people, generous, hard working, reverent, and
simultaneously fun loving. No, he decided, there had
to be an ulterior motive. People didn't just do that
sort of thing. He inquired around. Why? The real
answer? The hidden one?
"It's a call from the Lord," one Maori lad said,
simply.
"We're serving a mission," another told him.
Mystified, he cornered another young man. "How
long have you been here?" he asked.
"Oh, five, maybe six years. I don't know."
"Five or six years! And you don't care how long
it's been?" The other merely smiled and shrugged.
"How long will you stay here?"
"Until the work's finished."
Possibly the seaman stroked his stubby chin. It
was time to ask, "What are you getting out of this?"
"Oh, we're learning a profession," he was informed.
"We're gaining skills, which will help us to find a
good vocation one of these days. But that's not the
main reason we stay on here. We've been called."
"I see," the stranger mused. He looked up, and
made a sweeping gesture. "And where will you go
when this is all finished? Back to your parents?"
"For a while." The young man lifted up his eyes
to the temple spire. "Then ... I think I'll go on
another mission. I want to go out among the people.
I want to tell them what I know."
The seaman shook his head. A good feeling here
. . . something about the whole atmosphere. . . . But
after all, a man had to earn a decent wage. He
couldn't just give up a big segment of his life. The
man wandered quietly off toward the town. Perhaps
it was time to go down to the sea once more.
No one saw anything of him for a while. Like a
boat with its mooring cut, he had just drifted outward,
rudderless. Then one day workers on the project
saw a familiar figure. His path was straighter, and
his eyes were clear. "I want to work with you," he
said quietly. "I came back."
(Top to bottom) Willard Ahmu
and Hami Nuku working atop
scaffolding; Earl and Cyril Paea,
brothers, painting cafeteria window
frames; workmen plastering within
the temple (names not available);
group of workers, some of whom
will sing at the dedication of
temple, relaxing at end of day.
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Months later that same man stood before a throng
of tourists, explaining some of the astonishing things
he had learned about a "peculiar" people, about their
schools and chapels, about the modern college, about
the great temple, about the immensity of the whole
project there in the Pacific, about the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, and a doctrine which had
engendered a whole history of human effort, and
sacrifice. He was now a guide as well as a worker,
one of the best guides on the project. He'd been
baptized not long before. His anchor had at last
come to rest on the solid rock of the gospel.
A great many people have been attracted to that
temple and college site, outside Francton Junction,
not far from Hamilton. Some have looked, gone their
way, and perhaps all but forgotten the strange under-
taking. A great many more have carried with them
vivid impressions and emotions, which are leading
them to seek more knowledge about its underlying
forces. Others, like the wayfaring seaman, have be-
come a part of it all, of the great building endeavor,
and the even greater gospel encompassing it.
The Church has seen over a century of growth in
the Pacific. It was 1854 when the first missionaries
debarked in New Zealand, and not until a good many
years later did Church construction commence on a
large scale. The Maori Agricultural College, first
LDS-constructed school in New Zealand, was
dedicated in 1913 near Hastings in Hawkes Bay.
For eighteen years it flourished, providing training
for a good many prominent
New Zealanders; then trag-
edy rumbled— the great
Napier earthquake leveled
the buildings. The MAC
came to an end.
From 1938 to 1945, the
revered Elder Matthew
Cowley, then president of
the New Zealand Mission,
emphasized the need for a
new college. Upon return-
ing to America, he present-
College and temple project,
showing auditorium and
classroom blocks (right fore-
ground ) ; dormitories
(foreground, left of center);
teachers' houses ( center ) ;
timber tanalising plant,
(left foreground); temple
on rise at left.
ed his views to the General Authorities, who readily
accepted them. Subsequently, Elder Gordon C. Young
was set apart as president of that mission and assigned
the task of acquiring a location.
In the long history of selecting Church settlements
and building sites, one element seems especially
significant. While human wisdom, planning, and
hard work have always been requisite, there has like-
wise been need for guidance from on high, guidance
which has often come with surprising directness and
spontaneity. As Brother Young traveled the Tuhi-
karamea Road one day, he was impelled to exclaim,
"This is the place!" just as another Young, an ancestor,
had done years before upon viewing the Salt Lake
Valley. There, a college was to grow. In 1950, the
Church purchased two hundred and fifteen acres,
and Elder George R. Biesinger was called to super-
vise construction in the Pacific, with special focus upon
New Zealand. With scant notice, Elder Biesinger
left a million dollars worth of contracts in the hands
of his father, who had to come out of retirement, and
went to his first assignment on a chapel in Auck-
land. In 1952, he launched the long-awaited college
construction.
It was during the Christmas vacation that ground-
breaking ceremonies were held, and the first resi-
dence was completed for Elder Biesinger and family.
Thus, after thirty-nine years, a Church college was
rising again in the South Pacific.
While members in that quarter of the globe had
long thirsted for a (Continued on page 268)
APRIL 1958
229
Lawyer, lawman, educator, W. Cleon Skousen is never too busy to be a Churchman, or to
use his facile pen or dynamic speaking ability in its behalf. He was born in Canada, grew to
maturity in California and Mexico, filled a mission in the British Isles, and later served as president
of the Washington Stake Mission. He was for many years with the FBI. Elder Skousen is a
former faculty member of Brigham Young University, serving as assistant professor of speech
and director of public services. He has written MIA manuals, the script for a motion picture
on the Church welfare plan, and several books which have proved so popular that they have
been translated for Spanish-speaking members of the Church. Presently he is the Gospel Doctrine
class instructor in the Parley's Ward Sunday School. The latest title to come from the pen of
Salt Lake City's chief of police is this series, "So That's What Boys Are Made of." His newest
book, just off the press, is "The Naked Communist."
(First of a Series)
So you want to raise a boy?
W. Cleon Skousen,
Chief of Police, Salt Lake City
Several years ago I was invited by my associates
in the field of law enforcement to write a book on
juvenile delinquency. Looking back on it now, I
think the reason I failed to respond to that request
was because my own brood of eight little whoop 'n
holler experts were gradually giving me the sneaking
suspicion that what parents needed was not so much
a study of juvenile delinquents as it was a practical
catalog of concrete, cast iron suggestions on how to
raise a family of nondelinquents.
So that is what this present study will be mostly
about. It is an adventurous attempt to set down as
simply as possible the ABC's of child psychology and
the XYZ's of parental survival. In other words, these
are the things I wish someone had been brave enough
to tell me when I first started raising my own family.
One may wonder why this particular study is re-
stricted to boys. It is simply a matter of expediency.
The plain unvarnished truth is that ten times more
boys get into trouble than girls. Obviously, girls
have difficulties, too, but perhaps we can give them
their fair share of consideration after we have talked
about the boys.
In launching a study of this kind we might take
considerable comfort from the fact that there are no
living experts on the subject of raising boys. There
are many students of the subject but no experts. I
once had a friend who was newly out of college who
boldly proclaimed himself to be an expert, but when
I met him a few years later he was a broken man.
He said he had married soon after having graduated
and when his children came along they repealed his
education. Of course, this was only true in a humorous
and relative sense, but it did emphasize a lesson
which all of us ultimately learn, namely, that there
is a vast difference between a textbook on child psy-
chology and a real live boy— particularly one who
has inherited all the maverick qualities of his father!
"Am I Raising a Juvenile Delinquent?"
Here is a question parents usually ask the police
every time a boy happens to get into serious trouble.
Just so those parents with problem boys will not
think we are going to leave out "delinquency" alto-
gether, let us state a few facts at the beginning which
may help clear the air before we get on with the task
of discussing the raising of a normal boy.
First of all, it is somewhat reassuring to newly initi-
ated parents to learn that it is normal to have trouble
with their children. Most young couples start out
married life with profound mutual assurances that
their children will be different; but, like the rest of
us, they will discover that when their children come
along they will be just ordinary human beings after
all, and that means problems. Of course, their
problems need not become chronic, but problems
there will be. This business of developing human
character in children and growing good citizens is
simply an old-fashioned building operation and noth-
ing worth while was ever built or grown without
meeting the fury of many frustrations and doing a
lot of on-the-spot problem solving.
Studies show that about 95% of the parents suc-
ceed in working out their boys' problems, but there
230
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
kseKfi;,, . s*
are the remaining cases where the problems become
so complex for both the youngsters and their parents
that they fail to handle them in a manner acceptable
to society. And that is all juvenile delinquents really
are-boys with problems which are not being handled
properly.
Take, for example, the 16-year-old boy who can
hardly eat or sleep because he wants a 1948 stripped-
down four-wheel beauty which he has spotted on a
certain downtown used car lot. If his anxiety for this
car stirs him into action so that he surprises his folks
by actually getting a job and buying the car, we pat
him on the back and say he will probably be a suc-
cess in life. But if he mumbles and mopes around
because his father will not buy him the car and uses
this as an excuse to go out some night and steal it,
then he is in trouble with a capital T, and the local
police will soon have him listed as a J.D.
This, therefore, is the first thing we put down about
a so-called juvenile delinquent: he is usually an ordi-
nary boy with problems which he and the adults
around him are not handling in a manner acceptable
to the rest of the community.
232
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
From this it will also become immediately apparent
that a delinquent might be anybody's boy. He does
not have to be a special "type" as they used to think
a few years ago. He is not a boy with certain facial
features or with a certain variety of skull bumps. He
is not a boy who was raised in any particular part
of town or on any particular economic or social level.
He is not a boy of a particular age (after World War
II it was usually age 18-19; today it is usually 14-15).
He is not necessarily a dull boy nor does he necessarily
have a dislike for school. He might be active in a
boys' organization and even be active in his church.
No organization and no family are 100% delinquency-
proof.
Who Is to Blame for Juvenile Delinquency?
This brings us to the second important point.
Naturally, when people observe an outcropping of
delinquency they tend to judge the builders of a
human personality precisely the way they judge the
builders of a house. If the house has a leaning wall,
a cracked foundation, or a leaking roof, they blame
the contractors. Because parents are God's con-
tractors for the building of character in children,
people tend to blame them when the product is faulty.
But police officers working with juvenile problems
learn early in their careers to respect the passage of
scripture which says, "Judgment is mine, saith the
Lord." None of us can tell from a distance what a
set of parents may have had to work with as they
tried to build a boy into a good citizen. Sometimes
there are defective timbers, nails without temper, and
a disproportionate amount of sand in the concrete. I
have seen some parents who have given a youngster
far more guidance and affection than his pals were
getting and still end up with a young hoodlum.
This simply means that some parents have a much
tougher assignment than their neighbors may know
about. Therefore, judgment should be restrained.
Still, on the other hand, there are certain types of
parents who are so mixed up in their thinking that
they treat their children as unfortunate accumulations
of unwanted baggage who should be dumped on the
schools, the church, or some social agency to take
care of. When a case study shows that a boy is being
raised in this type of home and by this kind of parents,
we have a completely different problem. The indig-
nation of the community is entirely justified and that
set of parents should be subjected to whatever pres-
sures are necessary to help them appreciate their
fundamental responsibilities.
Finally, there is an in-between type of situation
where the parents are sincerely desirous of doing a
good job, but their boy's delinquency is the result of
a temporary period of neglect when a father is unem-
ployed, and the mother is trying to help out by work-
ing, or there has been an illness in the family, or some
other misfortune has attacked the normal stability of
the parents. Of course, temporary neglect may also be
the result of too much prosperity in a family. The sta-
bility of parents may be attacked by excessive social or
professional pressures so that they lack both the time
and energy necessary to properly supervise a boy.
But whether the temporary neglect of a boy is due
to misfortune or good fortune, if the attitude of the
parents is basically sound, it usually needs nothing
more from the police than a polite reminder of their
neglect, and these parents will cinch up the slack in
their home life and take care of Junior's problems
without any further help being required from the
community.
The vast majority of the cases coming to the atten-
tion of the police fall within this last category. Studies
show that where parents try to co-operate with the
police, 95% of the youngsters will make satisfactory
adjustments after their first arrest and never come
to the attention of the police again.
What Are the Trademarks of a
Juvenile Delinquent?
A delinquent is usually a boy who starts out with
the same troubles most boys have. He tends to dislike
work, doesn't think he has enough money, wants a
car, wants more attention, figures he is a social misfit
and that certain people don't like him, has trouble
in some of his classes at school, and daydreams a
lot. I know a boy we will call "Joe" who is struggling
with these very problems, but I think he will make
the grade without becoming a delinquent. Here are
the reasons why. When his boss at the service station
bawled him out for being lazy, he felt very angry
about it, but since then he has been doing better. He
also thought some of his teachers had it in for him
because he was not getting good grades, but since
his father had a two-hour session with both him and
his teachers and he heard in no uncertain terms what
it would take to get better grades, he seems to be
trying harder. As for daydreaming, he still does a
lot of that, but he is beginning to get so busy there
isn't much time for it any more.
I also know another boy we will call "Jake." Jake
has been fired from four after-school jobs. At school
he was nearly expelled for cheating on exams in
classes he was flunking. He enjoys "rodding" around
in his car to see how many violations he can get away
with in between tickets. He enjoys telling people
off, and lately he has developed the idea that it's
smart to have a hangover.
The difference between Joe and Jake is the proba-
bility that Joe will make it, ( Continued on page 260 )
APRIL 1958
233
The
Standards of
the Church
by George Q. Morris
of the Council of the Twelve
In preparation for the next visit of
the ward teachers, it is hoped that
each family will read, as a part of
their family hour, this stirring arti-
cle. It is one of a series in which
General Authorities, in cooperation
with the Presiding Bishopric, discuss
the monthly ward teaching topics.
"And even so I have sent mine everlasting covenant
into the world, to be a light to the world, and to be
a standard for my people, and for the Gentiles to
seek to it, and to be a messenger before my face to
prepare the way before me." (D & C 45:9.)
"Verily I say unto you all: Arise and shine forth,
that thy light may be a standard for the nations."
(Bid., 115:5.)
There is one thing that members of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints should always be
conscious of and that is, as the name implies, that
this Church is the Church of Jesus Christ, established
by him personally through the Prophet Joseph Smith;
that in it is the fulness of his gospel as revealed from
heaven. Its authority is clearly stated in the scrip-
ture: "For verily I say unto you, the keys of the dis-
pensation, which ye have received, have come down
from the fathers, and last of all, being sent down
from heaven unto you." (Ibid., 112:32.)
Understanding this truth we must accept the fact
that there is a double responsibility resting upon us.
One is that for our own salvation we must obey the
commandments of God thus revealed to us. The other
responsibility is that for the salvation of the world
we must keep the commandments of God, thus re-
stored from the heavens for the last time in this the
dispensation of the fulness of times.
No alternative
Regarding our first responsibility, this truth has
been thus declared:
"And moreover, I say unto you, that there shall
be no other name given nor any other way nor means
whereby salvation can come unto the children of men,
only in and through the name of Christ, the Lord
Omnipotent." (Mosiah 3:17.) We therefore can never
be justified in considering lightly the revealed word
of God, the commandments given to us by the Lord
Jesus Christ, the Savior of the world. We must not
reason that this is just a matter of religion, which is
but one of many phases of life. Some argue that
by nature they are not religious, therefore they need
only be honest and upright and deal fairly with their
fellow men, and in so doing live up to the best that
is within them and thus be justified. No, there is an
inherent principle in human existence that if we would
be saved from damnation we must accept and be
obedient to the Lord Jesus Christ as the Redeemer of
the world. There is no alternative.
There was a time before the creation of the world
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Family Hour Discussion Topic
when we had a choice as to whether or not we wished
to come to the earth and accept Jesus Christ as our
Redeemer. . There were some at that time who would
not accept that condition; they rebelled against God,
and they were cast out of heaven and denied an
earthly existence. We who have come to the earth
and all who will come agreed to this condition of
earth existence, that we would believe and be obedi-
ent to the Lord Jesus Christ as the Savior of the
world and be saved, or we would fail to do so and
be rejected. He clearly laid down this principle
when he told his disciples before his ascension to go
out and preach his gospel to the world, that those
who would believe and be baptized would be saved
and those who would not would be damned. The
Lord clearly set this forth in his teachings when he
said,
God so loved the world
"For God so loved the world, that he gave his only
begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should
not perish, but have everlasting life.
"He that believeth on him is not condemned: but
he that believeth not is condemned already, because
he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten
Son of God." (John 3:16, 18.)
And this is the testimony of his forerunner, John
the Baptist. "The Father loveth the Son, and hath
given all things into his hand.
"He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life:
and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life;
but the wrath of God abideth on him." (Ibid., 3:35-
36.)
We who have believed the gospel as it has come
to us and have been baptized into the Church of
course must realize that this has not accomplished
our salvation. Even though the atonement of Jesus
makes it possible for all to live again, salvation can
come only through a long process of keeping the
commandments of God. Thereby we increase in light
and truth until at the end we become sanctified and
fit to enter into the presence of God, which is salva-
tion.
The Lord has established in his Church his priest-
hood through which he directs the Church and gives
his instructions and commandments, and these com-
mandments and teachings have come down to us
from the beginning of the Church and will continue.
The gospel is a standard by which we live and the
means by which we know how to live so that we may
attain perfection ultimately. And each act of obedi-
ence moves us on toward that objective and each act
of neglect and disobedience deflects us from that
course.
"If you keep not my commandments, the love of
the Father shall not continue with you, therefore you
shall walk in darkness." (D & C 95:12.)
Eternal life, our goal
In the light of this the only truly intelligent atti-
tude of Latter-day Saints is that we shall receive in
gratitude and thanksgiving the commandments of the
Lord. The Lord has blessings attached to his com-
mandments by which we increase in knowledge and
power and all righteous achievement, and in the power
to honor God and give help in bringing salvation to
others, and thus move on to eternal life, our goal.
The first great commandment is to love God with
all our hearts. The second is like unto it, to love
our neighbors as ourselves. The Ten Commandments
are as true today as they were when they were given
to Israel thousands of years ago. They have been
reiterated in our modern revelations. Light and peace
and joy and great temporal benefits come from the
observance of the Sabbath day, from the payment
of tithing, from the keeping of the Word of Wisdom,
and from honoring the priesthood as restored from
heaven; by observing the highest standards of personal
purity, morality, and chastity; by being unselfish and
honest and clean and pure and obeying all the com-
mandments. These are the great achievements-
greater than wealth or popularity or any honors that
men can bestow upon us.
If we do not love God and our fellow men, if we
do not observe the Sabbath and the payment of tith-
ing and the keeping of the Word of Wisdom, if we
do not live in chastity (Continued on page 272)
Elder George Q. Morris is a
former general superintendent
of YMMIA, mission president,
Assistant to the Council of the
Twelve. He was sustained a
member of the Council of the
Twelve at the April 1954
general conference.
APRIL 1958
235
How can I make this lesson meaningful to my stu-
dents? No doubt most teachers view this as the
$64,000 question! Although the responses to this
query are manifold, so an equal number agree that
the use of an object frequently makes that lesson
"come to life."
The object need not be expensive to be impressive.
Well-chosen items which are commonplace in life are
frequently the most effective. One teacher stood
before his class with a bar of soap in hand. "Did you
ever realize that repentance is the soap of life?"
he queried. "It helps wash away the sins of each
day." He pointed out the necessity of daily washing
to remove the accumulation of dirt which soils one's
person during the course of a day, but stated that
some people apparently do not understand the im-
portance of the habit. "Why would one choose to
remain dirty when he could be clean? Possibly he is
indifferent and desires to follow the path of least
resistance— but whatever the reason, he will remain
unclean until he avails himself of the opportunity of
washing."
At this point the students began to see the applica-
tion of a bar of soap to repentance. The teacher
continued: "Repentance is the soap of life which the
Lord has given us to remove from our lives the harm-
ful effects of darkness, ignorance, sin, and wicked-
ness." New meaning came to the scripture as a student
read: "Who shall ascend into the hill of the Lord?
or who shall stand in his holy place?
"He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart." (Psalm
24:3-4.)
Such a lesson well prepared and effectively por-
trayed will have a continuing effect in the life of a
student. Each time he picks up a bar of soap to
cleanse his hands he will likely be reminded of the
moral lesson of a fine teacher who taught him that
"repentance is the soap of life."
An object lesson provides opportunity for students
to utilize most of their senses, which accelerates
learning. Have you ever watched a group of boys
in a sporting goods store experiment with a new fish-
ing rod? The price of the item is of no import and
therefore does not mar the image before them. Vivid-
ly they feel the cool spray of the rushing mountain
stream and fighting rainbow trout lashing about at
the end of the taut line. The experience approaches
reality as each boy in turn handles the shiny, smooth
rod, and spins the nylon-threaded reel.
Sensory teaching has long been recognized as vital
to the learning experience. Diogenes, the Greek
philosopher, carried a lantern and held it up to the
faces of those among whom he searched for an "hon-
est man." Jeremiah wore an oxen yoke around his
neck endeavoring to impress the people that they
would also be brought into bondage if they did not
return to the God of Israel. Moroni's banner fash-
ioned from his own cloak was a great object lesson in
Book of Mormon history. Joseph Smith compared his
ring to the eternal nature of man, explaining that it
had neither beginning nor end. And of course, the
Master Teacher epitomized the value of visual teach-
ing when he was about to be ensnared in a Pharisaic
trap. The question was one of loyalties to God and
man. He called for a Roman coin, held it before the
crowd and asked whose imprint it carried. "Caesar's,"
came the reply. He quelled his tormentors with a
terse response, "Render therefore unto Caesar the
things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things
that are God's." (Matt. 22:21.) Numerous were the
examples he used, always employing that which was
common and familiar to help teach a principle of life
which was difficult or perhaps abstract.
Object lessons can serve as:
1. Attention-getters or springboards. They act as a
focal point on which to center attention, thereby
providing a springboard for launching into the lesson.
The teacher might hold two rings before his students-
one a real diamond, the other a zircon. The undis-
cerning eye cannot differentiate between the real
and the counterfeit. The springboard has been pro-
vided so the teacher might appropriately carry on a
discussion of the true Church of God and images
thereof found throughout the world or, an effective
analogy might be drawn on the difference between
real love which results in successful marriage, and
236
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
infatuation which offers only diminishing returns.
2. Framework— In this case the entire lesson is
centered around the object and reference is continu-
ally made to the object, such as is the case of the
"bar of soap-repentance" analogy. Similarly, miniature
stairs might be made for display. From the rear view
they appear like a wall or barrier, but closer examina-
tion reveals steps, each of which might be inscribed
"faith," "repentance," "baptism," etc. Then follows
the lesson on the plan of salvation. Frequently those
principles first viewed as barriers become stepping-
stones for ultimate exaltation. He who searches for
wisdom and truth must be wise in judgment and
action.
3. Clinchers— After a lesson presentation has been
made, an object can "cement" the learning. It might
be effective with a lesson on chastity. A rose, a piece
of cotton, or a stick of gum passed among students
provides interesting contrast to the "untouched" repli-
cas held for student view. Without further moral-
izing, students are able to grasp the importance and
meaning in the contrast, and another point is driven
home and "clinched."
After deciding which purpose you want an object
to serve, it is well to remember the following:
1. Objects in and of themselves are unimportant.
They are merely a means to an end. Keep this "end"
well defined.
2. Let the students provide the desired object when-
ever possible. Frequently they will see meaning in
items overlooked by the teacher. Well-organized
student presentations are often far more impressive
to the class members than the same presentation given
by the teacher.
3. Ask yourself the question: Will the demonstra-
tion result in stimulating class action and spiritual de-
velopment? If you can answer in the affirmative, you
are likely a good teacher, becoming a better one.
You will soon learn that the gateway to the heart
is through the senses. Creative, enthusiastic, and
systematic planning will bring forth countless objects
to enrich your lessons and help them live forever in
the hearts of youth.
How to
make your
lessons
live
by Dale T. Tingey, Instructor
Division of Religion,
Brigham Young University
Conducted by
the Unified
Church School System
APRIL 1958
237
:;&"
'
Northward Ho
the Prairies
The Bradley family join the LDS colonies in Alberta
and are struggling to cultivate and reclaim their virgin
kind. Diane, who had planned to return to Utah,
stays on to teach school. Stan, who has come for her
from Utah, is disappointed with Diane's decision to
remain. Ben Amussen, a neighbor, has been escorting
her to and from church functions.
Conclusion
We tried to make the days until Stan's train was
to leave pass as pleasantly as possible. He visited
Ben and later told me of their conversation.
"A strange man, this Ben. You know, he takes the
weather as God sends it; doesn't pray as the other
farmers do that it will be changed to suit their needs.
He keeps saying it's the dispensation of Providence."
As we rode to the depot, Stan observed thought-
fully, "I feel that I have become a man since coming
here. I'm losing you, but somehow the pain is light-
ened as I view the strength shown in all your lives.
I see service in its purest form, unmindful of self,
only of preparing suitable homes for generations to
come. Service imperfect of course, never to be fin-
ished, but preparation for something better and
greater. I know you are as sincere in seeing your
place in the scheme of things as I am in seeing mine.
I can only try to be sensible and go back without
you."
Returning to the farm, the loneliness, the emptiness,
surrounded and swept over me. Throwing dishwater
out into the soft darkness, I wondered if I could go
through with it, if I could live my life without Stan.
But a deep feeling of strength grew within me. The
knowledge that I was wanted, was needed both by
my family and by others, was reassuring. Busy from
morning till night, my own needs were pushed into
the background, but always in my mind was the
dream of a man who would someday enrich my life
with his love. Time taught me that the heart has a
way of changing, like things in nature. The altera-
tion is so gradual that even if we are able to dis-
tinguish its different states, we are still spared the
actual sensation of change.
As usual, Ben came visiting but was never obtru-
sive. Walking along the wheat field one day with
the family, he observed, "Anyone who loves beauty
must love the looks of a wide expanse of ripening
grain."
Threshing time came and the threshing machine
was laid out in the hard gumbo yard. Soon a cloud
of chaff and dust settled on the men. Particles of
straw stuck to their sweating necks and arms. The
stubble was hard and bright and the straw crept into
shirts and pants like needles.
Mother and I cooked for the men an interminable
number of pies and cakes, which with boiled or
roasted beef, potatoes, and homemade pickles, made
up their meals. Johnny and Harlan carried the water
jug to the men.
After the noise of the threshing, the stillness was
oppressive. Though the house was not hot and
steamy, I felt closed in when not busy, and whenever
possible slipped out of doors to look over the treeless
plains, warm and sunny for autumn. Closer in were
the fields, freshly threshed, (Continued on page 254)
by Helen K. Orgill
■ : ■■■,■■■■.■
■ :
We met with a splash of hoofs,
and the horses, their sides
dripping, eame close together
? P
Church members saddened
by the death of Elder
Adam S. Bennion
by Albert L. Zobell, Jr., Research Editor
Elder Adam S. Bennion of the Council of the
Twelve, first and foremost a champion of youth and
skilled in the problems of the young people, died
Tuesday morning, February 11, 1958, at 8:35, follow-
ing a cerebral hemorrhage.
Called as a member of the Council of the Twelve
at the April 1953 general conference, Elder Bennion
had filled that high and important calling with the
happy combination of the vibrant outlook of youth
and the wisdom of his mature years. He was seventy-
one at his death.
Certainly one of the many highlights of his min-
istry was his tour of ten mission fields in Europe
between April 22, 1956, and September 24, 1956. He
traveled thirty-one thousand miles on this tour, listen-
ing to the testimonies of 1056 missionaries, meeting
with the Saints and with LDS servicemen stationed
in Europe. He loved them, and they returned that
love. He summed up his trip with, ". . . those five
months have been the most enriching and inspiring
months of my life."
When he was sustained a member of the Council
of the Twelve five years ago this April conference, he
said: "I am honored but humbled. For years I have
been going up and down the land preaching— but. in
the hour of this greatest call I have no preachment."
He went on to recall: "I love this Church and its
people. In the fall of 1847 my grandfather came
across the plains and lived in a log cabin such as is in
the southeast corner of this [Salt Lake Temple]
block. For a quarter of a century now it has been
my privilege to bring men from all parts of the
country to this block, and in tribute to our pioneers
I always take them to one spot. ... If you'll go
yonder to the southeast corner and stand with one
eye on their early abode, the log cabin, and the
other eye turned a little to the northwest, you will
realize that while they lived in a log cabin they
dreamed dreams of a temple. . . . The men who
come from New York marvel as they turn from the
log cabin and its hint of poverty to the temple that
took forty years to build and required four million
dollars that they did not have. They were real
people."
Elder Bennion was stricken Wednesday evening,
February 5, 1958, while at home. That previous
week end, February 1 and 2, he had filled his stake
conference assignment in East Mill Creek Stake.
Elder Bennion was born at Taylorsville, Utah, De-
cember 2, 1886, the son of Joseph Bushnell and Mary
Ann Sharp Bennion. There were also five sisters in
the family. He was soon to learn the meaning of
being a widow's son, since his father died when
Adam Samuel Bennion was but a year and a half old.
He came up through the public schools and was
graduated from the University of Utah in 1908 with
a bachelor of arts degree. From 1909 to 1911 he was
an English instructor at the LDS high school in Salt
Lake City. The following year he received his master
of arts degree at Columbia University, New York
City. He returned to Utah to become head of the
English department and later principal of Granite
High School. From 1917 to 1919, he served as an
assistant professor at the University of Utah. He
was a teacher in the finest sense of the word.
He left the university faculty in 1919 to become
superintendent of Church schools, retaining that
position until 1928. During this time he served as
professor of education at Brigham Young University
240
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
for two years, also teaching classes in religion at that
institution. He was affiliated with their summer
school faculty until released from the Church position.
After studying in Chicago and the University of
California, he received his doctor of philosophy de-
gree. Several years ago Elder Bennion was asked
by the Church historian's office to complete a
biographical blank which asked for "Missions Filled,
When and Where." Elder Bennion wrote, "No formal
call, but active in New York 1911-1912, Chicago 1916,
Berkeley 1922-23."
In his early youth Elder Bennion was active in
sports and frequently took part in track competition,
in which he excelled.
His long service in the Church began in the Tay-
lorsville Ward, where he served in the superin-
tendency of the Sunday School from 1904 to 1907
and taught in the ward MIA. From 1907 to 1915,
except during his absence for educational purposes,
he was a member of the Granite Stake Sunday School
superintendency. He was called to the general board
of the Deseret Sunday School Union in 1915. In
April 1953, when he was sustained a member of the
Council of the Twelve, as he interviewed the mem-
of the Sunday School board, in point of service. Since
1953, he has given valuable service to the Sunday
School as adviser to that organization.
As he served on the various committees of the
Council of the Twelve, as he interviewed the mem-
bers who came in to see him concerning some phase
of Church work, his office literally became a cross-
roads. Finding a moment ( Continued on page 264 )
APRIL 1958
241
Leadership Development
the Miracle
by Sterling W. Sill
Assistant to the Council of the Twelve
" Your personality is what dis-
tinguishes you as an individual.
It includes habit patterns, char-
acter qualities, and behavior."
No discussion of leadership development would be
complete which did not give consideration to the
personality of the leader. The most inspiring and
the most powerful thing in the world is a great hu-
man personality. The masterpiece of all creation is
a human being at his best. And the best way to
build leadership is through effective personality
development.
The dictionary defines personality as "the qualities
of being a particular person." Your personality is
what distinguishes you as an individual. It includes
habit patterns, character qualities, and forms of be-
havior expressed through physical and mental activi-
ties and attitudes. Some have estimated that as high
as eighty-five percent of all success depends upon
personality. What we are will largely determine
our leadership.
Then how can these qualities best be developed
to bring us to our peak of effectiveness? Socrates
said, "Know thyself." Study of self can be very helpful.
We can also improve ourselves by studying others.
If we can identify a harmful trait in someone else,
we can eliminate it from our own personality. When
we see a helpful quality in another, we can reproduce
it in ourselves.
Probably the greatest influence in the world is ex-
ample. We learn to walk, to talk, and to eat by
watching someone else. Most of our manners, morals,
and personality qualities are adopted. Even Jesus said,
"I do nothing except what I have seen my Father do."
(See John 5:19.) We can hardly realize the tremen-
dous influence that one personality can have upon
another. Think of the effect of the life of Aristotle
upon Alexander the Great, or Jesus upon Simon Peter.
An interesting tradition tells of Apelles, a Greek
artist of the fourth century, B.C., who enchanted the
world with his painting of the goddess of beauty.
For years he traveled over Greece, selecting the most
beautiful women to be used as models for his master-
piece. He took the eyes of one, the forehead of an-
other. He saw a grace here, a particular turn of
beauty there. When his famous canvas was finished,
it enthralled the world.
Apelles may be only a tradition, but the principle
is real. Each personality is a composite, and we build
largely from what we admire in others. This empha-
sizes one of the advantages of having fine associates
and reading good literature, particularly the great
scriptures. We tend to acquire those qualities which
are most strongly impressed upon our minds, and
our strongest impressions come from people. Thomas
Carlyle said: "You cannot look upon a great man
without gaining something from him." A personality
quality can be most readily absorbed when we see it
clearly and in a favorable setting.
For example, Louis Fischer wrote a book portray-
ing the life of the Indian patriot, Mohandas K. Gandhi.
This little brown man weighed 112 pounds. He went
around four-fifths naked; he lived in a mud hut, with-
out electric lights, running water, or telephone. He
didn't own an automobile. He never sought or held
a public office; he was with-
out political post, academic
distinction, scientific
achievement, or artistic gift.
He had no armies, no diplo-
mats, no property. Yet men
with great governments and
powerful armies behind
them paid him homage.
Gandhi's followers renamed
him "The Mahatma," mean-
ing The Great Soul.
Apelles, Greek artist
of the fourth century
\242
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
of Personality
The powerful British government soon discovered
that it could not rule India against Gandhi and it
could not rule India without Gandhi. Gandhi became
as near "India" as anyone or anything could be. By the
sheer power of his great personality, Gandhi raised
himself to be the unquestioned leader of 500 million
people and became the greatest power in India and
probably in the world. Louis Fischer calls this
phenomenon by which a below-average human being
can raise himself to great heights of accomplishment,
"The Miracle of Personality." This "miracle" is made
more important by the fact that each of us may per-
form it for himself.
Gandhi started his life under
some very real handicaps. He
regarded himself as a coward.
He was afraid of the dark. He
had a damaging inferiority
complex. He had an uncon-
trollable temper. Because of
these and other disadvantages
with which he started life, he
worked to the end of his days
at age seventy-eight to "re-
make" himself, and at one time
called himself "A self re-made
man."
For those who are looking
for a good phrase with startling
possibilities, that is one of the
best. Personal improvement is
necessary for accomplishment. It is impossible to rise
higher as a leader than we rise as individuals. One of
our common weaknesses is that too often we want to
change our circumstances but are unwilling to change
ourselves.
Gandhi believed in being, not in having nor in seem-
ing. He believed that the discord between deed and
creed lies at the root of innumerable wrongs in our
civilization. He believed this discord to be the weak-
ness of churches, states, parties, and persons. Gandhi
Gandhi called himself
"a self re-made man"
felt that to believe a thing and not to practise it was
dishonest and gave institutions and men split per-
sonalities, whereas man should be all in one piece.
Gandhi never trifled. He practised severe self-
discipline all of his days. With Gandhi, to believe
was to act. There was no pretense. Face-saving to
him was an unintelligible concept. When he had
decided something was good, he forced himself to
follow through and translate every thought into action.
Gandhi's mother taught him that eating meat was
wrong, inasmuch as it necessitated the destruction of
other life. And so young Gandhi took a pledge to his
mother to remain a strict vegetarian throughout his
life. Many years after Gandhi's
mother had died, Gandhi him-
self was very ill and not ex-
pected to live. His physicians
tried to get him to drink a
little beef broth to save his
life. But Gandhi said, "Even
for life itself we may not do
certain things. There is only
one course open to me, to die
but never to break my pledge."
Just imagine what it would
mean in the world if all of the
present-day leaders of nations
had a similar integrity, where
their word could absolutely be
depended upon. Trust and
confidence should be the foun-
dation of every worth-while relationship.
In the matter of trustworthiness Gandhi excelled.
Everyone understood that Gandhi was absolutely
honest, that he could be trusted, that his motives
were right. When Gandhi said something, everyone
knew that that was exactly what he meant. Millions
trusted Gandhi; millions obeyed him; multitudes
followed him. But strangely enough, only a few
ever attempted to do as he did. Gandhi's greatness
lay in doing what everybody can but does not do.
APRIL 1958
243
One of the greatest ambitions of Gandhi's life was
to free India. But he felt that before he could free
India from the British he must free himself from the
weaknesses that held him down. Man at his best
must be in perfect control of himself. Gandhi deter-
mined to make himself an effective instrument of
negotiation for India's welfare. How well he suc-
ceeded is known to everyone. It is Mr. Fischer's
opinion that not since Socrates has the world seen
Gandhi's equal for absolute self-control and com-
posure. He was thought by some to be the world's
most Christlike person, and yet he was not a Christian.
Gandhi went on long fasts for
discipline. He reasoned that if he
could not curb his passion for food,
how could he handle the more
difficult of life's situations? He
said, "How can I control others if
I cannot control myself?"
Gandhi realized early in life
that integrity and manhood are
among the most important instru-
ments of power. This realization
gave him a great advantage.
Gandhi said, "I cannot conceive a
greater loss to a man than the loss
of his self-respect." Even while
fighting England for India's in-
dependence, Gandhi was absolutely
loyal to England and had the constant respect and
trust of British leaders. His motto was, "Harmony in
adversity; love despite differences."
There came a time during World War II when
the fate of England was in the balance, and she could
not spare even a single soldier for the defense of
India. Many prominent Indian leaders were in favor
Man at his best
perfect control
of throwing out British rule while England was help-
less. But Gandhi said, "No, we will not steal even
our independence." Gandhi would probably have
given his life at any moment in exchange for his
country's freedom, but he did not want independence
if it could not be honorably won.
Gandhi believed that ideas and reason, fairness and
understanding were superior to force as instruments
of negotiation. This he believed even when he had
absolute power to do as he pleased. How inspiring
is the spirit of a truly great man! By way of contrast,
there are men living today who would not hesitate
one instant to use any means to
enslave everyone in the world if
they thought they could.
Gandhi's tremendous personal
power often remained unused. He
said, "We cannot learn discipline
by compulsion." He never re-
taliated. His reason told him that
the policy of "an eye for an eye,"
if carried out, would eventually
make everybody blind. Gandhi
did not attempt to be clever. He
once declared, "I have never had
recourse to cunning in all of my
life." His mind and emotions
were almost as completely exposed
to public view as was his near-
naked body.
Then came that fateful day, July 30, 1948. At
5:05 p.m., Gandhi was hurrying to the village prayer
ground. In the front row of the congregated wor-
shipers sat one Nathuran Godse, clutching a pistol
in his pocket. As the two men almost touched each
other, Godse fired three bullets into the body of the
must be in
of himself
REMEMBERING LAZARUS
by Dorothy J. Roberts
I ponder how a brief word led
A man back from the boulder's bed;
Past gaping stone, to pierce his core
And loose the linens that he wore.
How, deep in the pillared gloom, he heard,
Clearly, the shepherd of the word,
The gentlest of voices. How he rose,
With his dark exile at a close,
Watching in wonder, the world emerge
Out of dimness to converge-
In newness, blessing, to his eye-
Over him in tent of sky,
Under him in lilied sand,
And around, in loving band,
The robed and sandaled faithful few
Who led to warmer rooms he knew.
Then, how opening life's locked door,
His face caressed the earthen floor;
In praise, through dust, his fingers crept.
How, as a final hymn, he wept.
244
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Mahatma. At Godse's trial he said he bore no ill will
to Gandhi. He said, "Before I fired the shots I actual-
ly wished him well and bowed to him in reverence."
In response to Godse's obeisance, Gandhi touched his
palms together, smiled, and blessed him. At that
moment Godse pulled the trigger, and Gandhi's mortal
life was ended. And so, even in death, this little
brown man was engaged in the act of blessing people
and doing good.
A few minutes after Gandhi's death, Prime Min-
ister Nehru went on the radio and said, "The light
has gone out of our lives, and there is darkness every-
where, for our beloved leader, the father of our na-
tion, is no more."
What a great power of leadership can be built
within ourselves, if we merely develop to their high-
est denomination these great God-given qualities.
Apelles-like, we can select and adapt and refine from
the most inspiring sources.
In nature there are more than one hundred known
elements, including nitrogen, hydrogen, iron, carbon,
and oxygen. These elements are nature's building
blocks. Out of them, in the right combinations and
proportions, nature fashions all of the material things
of the world; for example, an ocean is a combination
of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen. Every
material thing carries its own formula.
Then it has been said that in human personality
there are fifty-one elements, including kindness, faith,
spirituality, industry, devotion, courage, ambition, and
integrity. Put these together in the right combina-
tions and proportions and you have what someone
has called "a magnificent human being."
What is it that makes David O. McKay, David O.
McKay? It is his great devotion to God; his untiring
efforts to serve; his ability to do; his warm friendli-
ness; his absolute fairness; his kindly personal interest
in others; his unwavering integrity; his love of truth.
Put these elements together, and you have David O.
McKay.
What made Napoleon Bonaparte what he was?
Napoleon also had some great qualities, but they were
mixed with unrighteousness, disregard for God, ruth-
lessness, self-seeking, and ignorance. The result was that
he was exiled by his own countrymen at age forty-six.
Now, what are the qualities that we need to carry
on our own particular part of the work of the Lord.
The Lord himself has said: "And faith, hope, charity
and love, with an eye single to the glory of God,
qualify him for the work." He said: "Remember
faith, virtue, knowledge, temperance, patience,
brotherly kindness, godliness, charity, humility, dili-
gence." (D & C 4:5-6.)
What a thrilling thought, that we can build these
qualities into our own personalities in any combina-
tion we choose. God has placed these potential
talents and abilities in the human soul for only one
purpose: that we may develop them to their highest
possibility. That is the process by which man may
become even as God.
Lord Bulwer-Lytton said: "What men need is not
only talent, but purpose; not only the power to
achieve, but the will to labor." That is the key to
our own personality development, and each of us
must accept complete responsibility therefor. We
know what the Lord would have us do. We need
only to put in force those personality qualities to
make the accomplishment possible.
A great philosopher once said, "Shun no effort to
make yourself remarkable in some talent." This is
the beginning of the greatest miracle in the world,
"The Miracle of Personality."
AN EASTER SONNET
by Grace Ingles Frost
The stone that sealed the crypt is rolled away,
The darkness of the tomb is rifted wide
By angels twain; the linen laid aside
For all to see, and seeing, know for aye,
The marvel of the holy Easter day—
That He whom sordid unbelief decried . . .
And flogged . . . and spit upon . . . and crucified
Is risen, crowned with life's immortal ray!
Lo, at the portal of all time, he stands
The pattern of Celestial Majesty!
I do not need to scan his feet and hands
For nail-prints to bear evidence for me,
Nor heed the call of war's untaught demands
For other proof of his divinity!
APRIL 1958
245
MIA Reading Course: Jesus the Christ— XXII
The Lord is Resurrected
by Doyle L. Green, Managing Editor
The body of Jesus lay in the tomb where his fol-
lowers and friends had placed it Friday evening.
These were sad hours for those who loved the Lord.
In spite of all of his teachings his disciples still did
not understand the true nature of his mission. Not-
withstanding his glorious predictions that he would
rise again, they did not comprehend. Their souls
were grief-stricken. Their minds were confused.
But neither were those responsible for the death
of the Lord at ease. They remembered that Jesus
had said he would rise again. The Sadducees must
have been especially concerned, as they taught that
there was no resurrection. Together the chief priests
and the Pharisees approached Pilate.
"Sir," they said, "We remember that that deceiver
said, while he was yet alive, After three days I will
rise again.
"Command therefore that the sepulchre be made
sure until the third day, lest his disciples come by
night and steal him away, and say unto the people,
He is risen from the dead: so the last error shall be
worse than the first." Having been themselves steeped
in treachery, it wasn't hard for them to think others
might also employ devious practices.
Pilate's soul must have been no less tormented than
theirs, and he readily agreed. Soldiers were ordered
to guard the tomb around the clock. "Make it as
sure as ye can," he instructed.
"So they went, and made the sepulchre sure, seal-
ing the stone, and setting a watch."
Saturday passed, and Saturday night. The first day
of the week arrived. The time had come for the Lord
to take up his body again. Meanwhile he had not
been idle. Peter tells us that during the time Jesus'
body lay in the tomb "he went and preached to the
spirits in prison; . . ." This is generally conceived to
be the beginning of missionary work among those
millions of souls who had died before the time of
the Savior and who were waiting for the resurrection
in "spirit prison," or "paradise." This work is con-
tinuing and will until every person who ever lived
will have the opportunity of accepting the gospel.
Early in the morning of the third day there was a
great earthquake as an angel with a countenance
"like lightning" and with "raiment white as snow"
rolled back the stone from the door of the sepulchre.
The guards were terrified "and became as dead
men."
Dawn comes early in the Holy Land in April. But
even the pre-dawn hours found the women who loved
Jesus sleepless. Perhaps they had not slept at all
that night. Perhaps the earthquake had awakened
them. But now that the Jewish Sabbath was past,
they were free to show their proper respect to their
Lord. This they had not been able to do on the
Friday because of the necessity of laying his body
away before sundown, when the Jewish Sabbath
began.
And so they had bought sweet spices with which
to anoint him and had left their quarters while it was
yet dark, to fill their mission of love.
Mary Magdalene, who is generally thought to have
been younger than the others, hurried ahead, so
anxious was she to reach her Master's grave. Imagine
her surprise and dismay when she discovered that
the stone had been removed and the sepulchre was
open.
What could she do but run and tell the disciples!
Meanwhile the other women approached the
sepulchre, wondering whom they could get to roll
the stone away. They were seemingly unaware that
the stone had been sealed and that soldiers had been
placed to guard the tomb. Mark says the women
'Touch Me Not," painting by
Karl Von Schoenherr
246
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
'Thomas' Doubt," painting by
Giovanni F. B. Guercino
arrived at the rising of the sun, and of course were
also greatly shocked and perplexed to find the tomb
open and the body gone. But they did not have long
to wonder, for "two men stood by them in shining
garments."
Naturally the women were frightened at seeing the
angels, and they bowed down before them. "Why
seek ye the living among the dead?" one angel asked.
"He is not here, but is risen: remember how he spake
unto you when he was yet in Galilee,
"Saying, the Son of man must be delivered into the
hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and the third
day rise again."
He is risen! What an inexpressively significant
statement. Never were more beautiful or more mean-
ingful words spoken. What a joy to have the assur-
ance that Jesus, who walked the earth as a mortal,
had in very deed shattered the bands of death and
had taken up his glorified body, never again to lay
it down; that he had set a pattern for all of us to
follow. What comfort to know that someday our
tombs— yours and mine— will likewise be empty, and
that we will live again in the eternities beyond death.
On the instructions of the angel, the women hur-
ried to tell the good news to the disciples.
Meanwhile Mary Magdalene had found Peter and
John. "They have taken away the Lord out of the
sepulchre," she sobbed, "and we know not where they
have laid him." Without further words, the two
disciples raced to the burial place. John, the younger
of the two, arrived before Peter, stooped down, looked
in the tomb and saw the burial clothes, but hesitated
to go inside. When the big fisherman arrived, he
rushed into the tomb to make sure it was empty. When
they had satisfied themselves that the body of the
Lord was truly missing, Peter and John returned sor-
rowing to their homes. (Continued on page 274)
248
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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Thoughts for your Inspirational Talk
". . Where the Heart Is
mm mm am
Happy the man, whose wish and care
A few paternal acres bound,
Content to breathe his native air,
In his own ground.
—Alexander Pope,
"Ode on Solitude"
Round the hearthstone of home, in the land
of our birth,
The holiest spot on the face of the earth.
-George Pope Morris, "Land Ho!'
mm mm- mm mm
A house is never perfectly furnished for en-
joyment unless there is a child in it rising
three years old, and a kitten rising six weeks.
— Southey
There is no sanctuary of virtue like home.
—Edward Everett
Home in one form or another, is the great
object of life.
-J. G. Holland, Gold-Foil
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When home is ruled according to God's
word, angels might be asked to stay a night
with us, and they would not find themselves
out of their element.
— C. H. Spurgeon
The house of every one is to him as his
castle and fortress, as well for his defence
against injury and violence, as for his repose.
—Sir Edward Coke
The best security for civilization is the
dwelling, and upon proper and becoming
dwellings depends more than anything else,
the improvement of mankind. Such dwell-
ings are the nursery of all domestic virtues,
and without a becoming house the exercise
of those virtues is impossible.
—Benjamin Disraeli:
Speech, London, 1874
No place is more delightful than one's own
fireside. —Cicero
Sweet is the smile of home; the mutual look
When hearts are of each other sure.
—John Keble, The Christian Year
A comfortable house is a great source of
happiness. It ranks immediately after health
and a good conscience.
—Sydney Smith
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Home is something you are bound to by
affection's golden chain,
And no evil dims its luster; time nor distance
cannot stain,
When the years are long and lonely, and the
heart too old to roam,
Grant, dear God, that in some heaven, each
man finds his way back home.
—Miranda Snow Walton
Era Jan. 1947 page 51
APRIL 1958
249
Melchizedek Priesthood
Melchizedek Priesthood
Which comes first, the home or the Church?
Are we putting so much emphasis on priesthood
and auxiliary organization programs that we fail to
get the full blessings that go with real Latter-day
Saint homes?
How can the family support the Church and the
Church support the family?
To get a proper view of what the Melchizedek
Priesthood program is, where the home and the
family are concerned, perhaps we should remind
ourselves of the basic principles of salvation and
exaltation.
Let it be remembered that exaltation (which is
eternal life) consists in the continuation of the family
unit in eternity. Those who enter in at the gate of
celestial marriage while in this life, and who there-
after keep the covenants made in connection with
that holy order, are assured of membership in an
eternal family hereafter.
Let it be remembered also that the greatest joy,
and peace, and happiness that can be attained in
this life come in and through the perfection of the
family group. Those homes where the priesthood
rules in righteousness, where love abounds, where
the Spirit of the Lord abides, where children are
born under the covenant, where faith and righteous-
ness prevail— they are the true Latter-day Saint homes.
It is only in and through the home that the saints
can attain the fulness of the blessings of the gospel
either in this life or in the life to come.
But the family cannot be perfected either in time
or in eternity without the Church and the priesthood.
Valiant service in the Church is a condition precedent
to attaining a celestial inheritance; magnifying one's
calling in the priesthood is a requirement of all who
gain the fulness of the Father's kingdom.
The home, the Church, and the priesthood act as
a unit in enabling man to work out his salvation and
fill the full measures of his creation. It is the gospel
which gives a celestial quality to the Latter-day Saint
home.
Man is a son of God— the crowning creation of the
Father. The Church, the priesthood, the earth, and
all things are for the benefit and blessing of man.
The Church is made for man and not man for the
Church. No man should be so tied down with Church
or business or social engagements that he cannot give
enough time to his family so that he can direct them
in the path leading to peace here and eternal reward
hereafter.
The Church programs, priesthood projects, and
auxiliary organization work are aids and helps to be
used for the benefit and blessing of the family.
To illustrate how the home and the priesthood tie
in together let us suppose that the home is a sort of
quorum— the patriarchal quorum of the home. The
father is the quorum president; unlike other presiding
officers in the Church, no one can release or remove
him from office. He is supreme in his family. In
his home he presides over all visitors, no matter what
250
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
in the home .
their church or state position. His wife is his coun-.
selor; his children, the quorum members.
As with all good quorums there should be a regu-
lar presidency council meeting and a regular quorum
meeting. Husband and wife consult on policy mat-
ters; their children share in the consideration of family
problems; as the youngsters grow older they are
consulted on policy matters, and the family— though
patriarchal in nature— follows certain democratic
principles.
Scheduling of Church work should take into con-
sideration the need for regular home evenings for
families. There could well be definite days on which
no formal Church meetings or activities whatever are
planned, so there will be nothing to interfere with
family associations.
As part of the home evening program, as a regular
part of the family conversation at the dinner table,
and at other appropriate times, the president of the
family quorum should direct the conversation to
gospel subjects so that the children may be taught
correct principles. Latter-day Saints are failing in
many instances to teach their children the doctrines
of the gospel, so that having been taught correct
principles they will be able to govern themselves in
all situations.
It is important that the mother in Latter-day Saint
homes he home and that the father come home. It
is far better for the family to get along without some
of the luxuries that might flow in because a mother
works than to deny the children her presence and
guidance in the home.
During those periods when young children are
awake, the father should spend his home time with
them. Certainly learning what they think, how they
act, and influencing them in proper ways is more im-
portant than the newspaper, radio, television, or pri-
vate hobbies. Private interests can wait until young
children are in bed.
The power of the priesthood should be used in
the home to bless the family. When children are ill,
the father should administer to them, and the family
should unite in prayer and faith for their recovery.
Bishops and others who have power to designate who
shall perform baptisms, ordinations, and priesthood
ordinances should arrange it so that worthy fathers
baptize, confirm, ordain, and bless their own children.
The father should be the patriarch of his family.
As part of this way of family life, parents obviously
will weave into the program for their children all of
the priesthood and auxiliary organization programs,
seminary training, and the like, which the Church
provides. Nothing will be overlooked. The com-
plexities and temptations of modern life are such
that all the forces of righteousness must unite to keep
the rising generation safe from the lure of the world.
If the priesthood really operated in the home, there
would be little juvenile delinquency and few youth
problems. The salvation of the youth of the Church
rests primarily with their parents.
APRIL 1958
251
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PROGRAM FOR COMMEMORATING THE
RESTORATION OF THE
AARONIC PRIESTHOOD
With the approval of the First Presidency, the Pre-
siding Bishopric has designated Saturday and Sunday,
May 17 and 18, for Churchwide observance of the one
hundred twenty-ninth anniversary of the restoration
of the Aaronic Priesthood. On that occasion the resur-
rected John the Baptist ordained Joseph Smith and
Oliver Cowdery to the Aaronic Priesthood. Every
effort should be made to refresh the memories of
members of the Aaronic Priesthood with the impor-
tance of this event.
If a pilgrimage to some point of interest is decided
upon, Saturday, May 17, should be set aside for that
purpose. If no pilgrimage is intended, some outdoor
activities should be arranged with emphasis on close
supervision. If overnight camping is included, it
should be planned for Friday night. Returning from
overnight camping on Sunday morning does not com-
ply with proper observance of the Sabbath day and
should not be permitted.
In the past, Saturday activities have been confined
for the most part to members of the Aaronic Priest-
hood under twenty-one. However, some stakes and
wards have successfully combined senior members of
the Aaronic Priesthood with those under twenty-one
for an outing with favorable results. Should this type
of activity be contemplated, the planning should be
made by the stake committee for Aaronic Priesthood
under twenty-one and the stake committee for senior
members of the Aaronic Priesthood. It is also sug-
gested that if a combined outing is decided upon, it
would be a courtesy to call in ward committees to
have a voice in the planning.
It should be understood that if separate celebra-
tions for the two groups are preferred, stake leaders
are free to make such an arrangement. If there are
conditions which prohibit or make difficult the staging
of this event on a stake basis, then bishops should
plan the activity on a ward level. Traveling in cara-
vans should be avoided. If long trips are planned,
busses should be chartered where possible. Insured
carriers are preferred over private cars.
Special programs devoted to commemorating the
restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood should be
planned for all ward Sacrament meetings Sunday,
May 18. In those stakes where quarterly stake con-
ferences are held on this date, stake and ward leaders
should plan to celebrate this event the week preceding
or following the conference.
Sacrament Meeting Program
Theme Reverence and the Aaronic Priesthood
1.
2.
3.
4.
8.
9.
Opening Song— Congregation.. .."Praise To The Man"
Invocation A Senior Member
Sacrament Song
Administration of the Sacrament by
Members of the Aaronic Priesthood
5. Aaronic Priesthood or Youth Chorus
"An Angel From on High"
6. Talk by a Senior Member Five minutes
"Brief Review of the Restoration of the Aaronic
Priesthood"
7. Talk by a Deacon Five Minutes
"Why I Believe Punctuality is a Vital Part of Filling
Aaronic Priesthood Assignments"
Talk by an Ordained Teacher Five Minutes
"Why the Sacrament Should Be Prepared in the
Spirit of Reverence"
Talk by a Priest Five minutes
"The Importance of Reverence on the Part of Those
Officiating at the Sacrament Table"
Song— Chorus or Quartet
"Come All Ye Sons of God"
11. Talk by a Young Woman of Priest's Age
— -. Five minutes
"My Impressions of Young Men Who Demonstrate
Reverence"
Talk by a Father Five minutes
"How a Father Can Teach his Sons the Value of
Reverence in Honoring the Priesthood"
Talk by the Bishop Eight minutes
"The Responsibility of the Bishopric and Aaronic
Priesthood Leaders in Teaching Reverence to the
Young Men of our Ward"
Closing Song
"We Thank Thee, O God, for a Prophet"
15. Benediction .A Senior Member
10
12
13
14
252
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
BUILDING FRIENDSHIPS
RESPONSIBILITY OF WARD TEACHERS
Every visit made by ward teachers should be an
effort to make new friendships or to further consoli-
date old ones. Where there is friendship, there is
understanding; and where there is understanding,
there is confidence. While there is no prescribed
formula for ward teachers to follow in building friend-
ship, there are some fundamentals which promote
reciprocal friendliness.
From the contact at the door there should be a
continuous demonstration of warmth and cordiality on
the part of ward teachers toward the family. The
greeting should include recognition of each member
of the family. Where there is illness, ward teachers
should be particularly solicitous.
Through adequate study ward teachers should make
the discussion appealing. Where there are children
in the home, a part of the message should be on their
level. An interchange of ideas and opinions should
be encouraged with each member of the family making
an expression. Any differences of opinion should be
tactfully reasoned out. Argument and contradiction
should be avoided. Points of doctrine not clearly un-
derstood should be explained and clarified.
Ward teachers should quickly lend a helping hand
in cases of emergency. They should be prompt in
their efforts to alleviate distress. It is their duty to
share sorrows, heartaches, and disappointments, and
to rejoice with members in their success. They should
keep sacred those matters related to them in confi-
dence. They should be tolerant, never speaking dis-
paragingly about anyone. They should always take
the role of peacemakers, giving wise and prudent
counsel. Ward teachers who follow these suggestions
will not lack for friends among those whom they
teach.
The above view of the Susquehanna River is one of the
river as it runs south in northern Pennsylvania in the region
near Harmony. It was in this area and on the banks of this
river where John the Baptist ordained Joseph Smith and Oliver
Cowdery to the Aaronic Priesthood May 15, 1829.
STUDY GUIDE FOR WARD TEACHERS
MAY 1958
The Standards of the Church
We are living in a day when compromise is fre-
quently suggested to members who are trying to live
according to the standards of the Church. To compro-
mise means to give up something— to make a conces-
sion. To Latter-day Saints compromise means
lowering of standards. Those who suggest compromise
accuse those who do not yield to it of being old-
fashioned. These people would have us believe that
changing times and conditions justify the modification
of standards.
The standards of the Church are the standards of
the gospel of Jesus Christ. The teachings of the Savior
during his ministry and the teachings he has given
through his prophets since his resurrection are the
bases for present standards. These standards are
permanent and unchanging. How nearly we come to
living up to them depends on how strong our con-
victions are and how well we understand the gospel.
The standards of the Church require love of
God, faith in the Savior and in his mission, love of
neighbors, acceptance of Joseph Smith and his suc-
cessors as prophets of God, respect for the priesthood,
obedience to the commandments of the Lord and the
teachings of his servants, observance of the Sabbath
day, payment of tithing, keeping of the Word of
Wisdom, and loyalty to the Church and its leaders.
The moral standard of the Church requires personal
purity of all its members. There are no double stand-
ards of morality. The law of chastity is as binding
upon men as it is upon women.
The fact that the world has become selfish and
grasping has not altered the standard of honesty. Full
measure, full count, full weight, and full value,
whether in buying or selling, will always be the
standard of honesty in dealing with our fellow men.
There never has been, and never ivill be, any varia-
tion from the standard of truth. This durable quality
includes all of the virtues of a noble character. Those
who are conscientiously truthful speak truly, think
truly, and live truly.
These basic standards form the code from which
Latter-day Saints should pattern their lives. The hap-
piest, the most satisfied, and the most blessed people
in all the world are those who live according to these
unchanging standards.
SUBJECT OF STUDY GUIDE
FOR JUNE 1958
"Reverence in our Chapels"
APRIL 1958
253
Northward Ho the Prairies
(Continued) tired and peaceful. My eyes could
never resist the splendor of the shining clouds which
rolled like storms of snow through the deep spaces
of the sky.
I was making plans to go north to Calgary to train
for teaching in Canadian schools, when the teacher
in our district became ill and returned East. I was
asked to take her place. As President Wood had
suggested he would, the government inspector for
our area visited my school, and after giving me an
oral examination issued me a permit which would be
good until he came again in a few months. The
schoolhouse was a frame building with two rooms.
I taught the beginners and up to the fourth grade.
It didn't seem long before the blasts of winter
swept down over the plains to hammer on the build-
ings and pile drifts of snow. The children living
near the schoolhouse wallowed through the snow like
intrepid little animals. Around the roaring potbellied
stove, ears burned and toes ached with chilblains.
There was always an uneasy scuffing of feet against
the edges of the desks. I wondered how the children
escaped pneumonia, for at recess out they would go,
rushing into "The Bear Went over the Mountain,"
"Fox and Geese," snow fort, and other games, coming
in wet with snow and perspiration.
In one three-day blizzard the temperature went
down to thirty degrees below zero. After the chil-
dren were safely home the first day of the storm,
school was closed until it was over. Twice each
day, Father went to the barn to feed the stock and
bring fuel to the house. Even Father with his in-
domitable will was awed by the fury of the blizzard.
Wind and snow seemed to be in battle as they roared
and whistled around the eaves of the house. The
morning of the fourth day, the world was a silent
white sea stretching out to the horizon, but by after-
noon there was a thick driving snow which again
veiled the features of the landscape.
Ben came over during the interval between storms
and, seeing our consternation, laughed, "This is no
new storm. It is the other one drifting. This is the
well-known south wind blowing. It follows the
northers and is colder. I'll tell you, the stock doesn't
like it."
"The stock?" I queried wryly. "What about us
humans?" This malice of the weather was beyond
a joke, this blowing without mercy, without rest.
Ben's steady eyes looked straight into mine as he
went on gently, "Tomorrow the chinook will blow.
It is a warm wind and will melt the snow."
To Ben the animals had souls, and there was ap-
parently an affinity between him and them. Our
Johnny also had a way with animals and whenever
possible he would strike out for Ben's place, his
golden hair shining out from under his tightly drawn
cap, his elbows flapping as he urged his horse to a
gallop. He learned from Ben that animals will not
die of the cold as easily if fed and watered and urged
to move around. At that time the farmers did not
go in for much extra feeding of cattle. The rule was.
to sell them on the hoof or butchered in the fall of
the year.
The warmth of the indoors attracted many of the
settlers and the cast-iron stove in our little village
store always drew a group during cold weather. Ben,
after leaving them, would remark, "The man who sits
by the fire all day, is throwing the best of his life
away."
I wondered often if the Vikings of old were too in-
terested in the affairs of daily life to think of romance,
as Ben seemed to be. I had learned that he was
namesake and descendant of Benedickt Amussen, who
sailed the seas with Leif Ericson.
To me the spring seemed slow to come. The
ground stayed frozen well into March; the air re-
mained raw and the skies dark. But to those who
knew the climate it was not unusual. With the song
of the meadow lark and the swift whistle of the kill-
deer came the prairie crocus, mauve and violet. The
chokecherry bushes etching the shoulder of the coulee
held out tight-furled, torch-like buds. The winter
wheat was spotty and thin where the wind had blown
the snow off the ground. A hard freeze after a
TEN-YEAB-OLD IN APRIL
by Maude Rubin
He walks among the greening trees
And sees
Every bright robin-breast, each floating butterfly-
Laughs at the skittering game
Of fur-plumed squirrels. . . . Time sends
Him on his sun-bright way and lends
Wonder to ponder when evening stars his sky.
254
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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25"
Northward Ho the Prairies
warm spell sometimes spelled dis-
aster if the roots had not gone deeply
enough into the ground. When
asked when they were going to start
ploughing and working the land, the
farmers would usually answer,
"When there's life in the ground."
With legs swinging and shoulders
squared, father went after the spring
work. He had been impatient to
begin for weeks. The weather
warmed up surprisingly with no
early rains. April, then May passed
with no sign of moisture from the
skies. Fearful thoughts passed
through people's minds. Everybody
dreaded a drouth. Ben as usual was
philosophical, "Even when the grain
stands brave and green, people will
always be afraid, afraid of drouth,
grasshoppers, hail, and other ills. If
you're going to be afraid, you might
as well be afraid to plant in the
spring."
Mother, like Ben, was usually re-
assuring, but when June went by
with no rain, I noticed an anxious
look on her face. Gradually the
small lakes dried up, showing only
a coating of alkali. July 1, Domin-
ion Day, was celebrated bravely in
our town and folk came from sur-
rounding areas, even from Cardston,
to enjoy it. Our rodeos had at-
tracted attention, and with the chil-
dren's races, the ball game for the
men, and a dance in the meeting-
house to top it all off, the day was
a great success.
For some time we forgot to scan
the sky for signs of rain. The blue
sky, once a pleasant sight, became
something to be despised, and the
sun became an evil eye, staring
without compassion. Kneeling on
the braided rug beside my bed, with
clasped hands I prayed that rain
clouds might sweep down from the
Rockies. It became pitiful to see
the cattle seek out the buckbrush
for its juicy leaves. Then came high
winds, with terrific force, tearing the
sandy loam from the dry grass roots,
raging into coulees, rattling small
pebbles against the windows, under
doors, and through cracks. For days
the sun was a pale moon.
Ben rode the ridge, tailing up
fallen cows that had been deserted
and given up by their owners. He
brought in calves which had been
left motherless, and Johnny, Harlan,
and I, each with one hand in the
milk bucket, pressed their mouths
into the warm liquid to suck at our
fingers.
"They think we're their mothers,"
Harlan laughed. I looked at Ben,
broad-shouldered, sturdy, and hap-
py that the cattle could be saved.
It didn't matter that the owners
came to get them; he was just glad
that they had been saved.
"This is like it is in Iceland," he
explained, "only it is goats there.
No weather is too cold or stormy to
keep them from hunting the lost
ones."
After feeding the last of the stray
calves, Ben patted Harlan's head.
"And a fine little mother you are,
my boy," he laughed as he turned
to look at me. "It's early for chores,"
he said. "Would you like to take
a ride with me along the river?"
Tightening the cinch on my sad-
dle, he mounted his horse and we
started down the trail. It wasn't
a pretty sight, the river road. The
grass had turned to amber and the
water seemed to have gone under-
ground, except for small pools here
and there. Ben was quiet, as he
usually was when alone with me.
Back home in Utah, it had never
been difficult to attract young men.
But this "Viking" was different.
Quite shamelessly I had tried to
show my interest, but he had never
seemed to notice. I was beginning
to wish that I had not been so for-
ward, when he began to talk.
"I'm as broke as the next one,
Diane, but I have decided to go
north to High River and take up
land, a homestead, where the drouth
isn't so bad. I'm shipping what
stock I have left. In a year I'll have
a pretty good start again. Will you
wait for me?"
THE SPIRIT'S PATH
by Helen Maring
When day grows long, the spirit's
path
Leads up, beyond the realms of
pain—
And all life's lovely aftermath
Brings back the ones we've loved
again.
What glad reunions there must be!
The new adventuring, what bliss!
We reach toward immortality
In work, and humble days like this.
I was certain that he heard the
beating of my heart, but I tried
not to show my eagerness. "Ben, is
this a proposal?"
In his low, vibrant voice he an-
swered, "If you doubt it, maybe this
will convince you." He held me
close and kissed me. I threw my
arms around his neck, tightening
them, holding him. His strong
hands reached for my right one, and
with swinging hands we rode
slowly home. A violent mist ap-
peared over the hills and I felt the
closeness of this land to my soul.
As we reached the corral fence,
two neighbors were in an argument
with Father. They mounted their
horses and rode away, and without
a glance in our direction, Father
went into the house.
"You must stay for dinner, Ben,"
I said. "We're having roast wild
duck with Mother's savory dressing.
We'll announce our engagement."
On the reservoir of the stove the
bread lay white and rising and I
molded some into rolls. Father's
face remained unreadable, though
tranquil. He did not notice our
happy countenances, but once the
news was out, there were pleased
exclamations from all.
"You may get married as soon as
you wish and then come and live
with us," said Mother.
"Imagine two strong-minded men
like Pa and Ben running a place to-
gether," I said.
After the family had retired for
the night, I said to Ben, "Why didn't
you give me a hint of your love for
mer
Drawing me close, he replied,
"Whenever I looked at you, I
thought of the angels on the Sunday
School cards we used to receive
back in Iceland when I was a little
boy. Much as I wanted to, I
couldn't picture you as my sweet-
heart!"
During this time and after going
to bed, I heard soft voices in my
parents' room. But not until next
morning did I learn that three or
four families were leaving Canada,
loading their stock and furniture in
a boxcar. All of them wanted Jim
Bradley to go along.
The following Sunday, I watched
little clouds of dust arise on the
river road as buggies drove up to
our door. The afternoon was spent
in talking, eating, hugging, and
shaking hands, and some tears were
shed. Those who were leaving
256
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
u\lf^
PROBLEM— Z*
how can low grade ^_
^^coppcr ore corrtfaue 1t> help
educate Utah children? ^
Last year Kennecott paid for educating 27,000 Utah children
— 13.5% of all students attending elementary, junior high and
senior high schools throughout the state. The money for their
education came from Kennecott's state and local taxes, which
totaled about $13,780,000 for 1957. Of that amount, $6,800,000
was for school operation and an additional $1,900,000 was for
school building.
Kennecott pays its taxes, just as it pays other operating costs,
from money earned by producing copper and selling it profitably.
When production is based on ore averaging only 82 hundredths of
one percent copper, success depends to a large extent on keeping
costs down.
However, during the war years and the period of high copper
demand that followed, the emphasis was on maximum production,
because Kennecott wanted to keep its customers supplied with the
metal they needed. Cost of production was a secondary factor.
Now the situation has changed and it is essential that Kennecott
get its cost in line to compete in today's copper market. And that
poses a problem.
Costs have been rising sharply. In just the past five years
employment costs have risen 46%, supplies and equipment have
gone up substantially and state and local taxes have climbed 85%>.
So Kennecott is seeking economies in a wide variety of ways:
through work simplification, expanded use of employee suggestions,
improved methods, better use of supplies and equipment, and the
most efficient use of the work force.
Switching the emphasis from production to economy will be
of tremendous importance to Kennecott and to Utah. It will help
Kennecott continue to operate successfully. And successful opera-
tions mean continued benefits, including tax payments that do
such a big job of helping to educate Utah children.
Utah t er
Dim
Kennecott Copper Corporation
A Good Neighbor Helping to Build a Better Utah
APRIL 1958
257
talked of another range, a rich val-
ley in Idaho not touched by drouth.
"Why not string along with us,
Jim?"
"Yes, come join us, Jim. We want
you and we need your horses to
help us get started. We won't have
credit to go on."
Father was glancing around at
the new corrals he had built, the
sheds and reinforced barn, and then
at the windbreak of tree shoots that
were bravely trying to live. Next
to him stood Johnny, his troubled
eyes near tears. Mother patted his
shoulder reassuringly. I knew that
whatever her husband's decision, it
would be right in her eyes. With
squared shoulders and lips tightly
drawn, he spoke candidly, "If any
of you men need my horses in Idaho,
I'll trade them for the remnant of
your brands lost in the ridge. This
country's got enough wrong with it,
but right now all it needs is rain.
It's rained before and I reckon it'll
rain again. I'm figurin' to stay."
"Whatever comes, it's as bad right
now as a man can stand," Don Ben-
son declared.
"I don't want to leave either,"
Mother smiled, as Johnny took turns
hugging her and Father.
All realized that they might never
meet again. Faces showed the
strain of weeks of worry over the
lack of moisture. Separations here
were always sorrowful, for neigh-
bors living five, ten, or even twenty
miles away were often closer to
each other than next-door neighbors
are in a town or city. The place
seemed unbearably quiet after the
last outfit was swallowed by the
prairie.
After a trip into Cardston next
day, Father announced, "I talked
to Will Thompson from Spring
Coulee. He's offering me a job
helping around the ranch and doing
some riding."
"Oh, Pa!" My eyes opened wide.
Although I didn't add, "At your
age!" he read my thoughts.
"Yes, I'm forty-five but I'm in fine
condition and can ride as well as
any young sprout. Remember, they
are laying men off at Mclntyre's
and the Knight Company. I'm lucky
to have work."
"We can get along with my wages
at school."
"Yes, but with the two of us work-
ing we'll have a Christmas to scrape
the stars. Besides, Johnny is grow-
ing fast and needs responsibility."
Mother hadn't said a word. I was
crocheting medallions for a table
cover to place in the cedar chest
Ben had given me before leaving for
High River. I had just read the
letter he had sent from Macleod,
well past Lethbridge, written in a
steady hand as firm as his cheeks.
Glancing at Mother, I noted a de-
termined expression.
"Jim Bradley, I've always gone
along with your decisions as long
as you were practical. But now I
draw the line. To begin with, how
are you going to hunt strays in the
ridge if you are trading some of your
horses to those who are leaving?
And another thing, Johnny is still
a child, just reached eleven and not
ready to take charge of the ranch
in winter or any time. Besides he
will be in school."
In a disheartened voice, Father
answered, "Minerva, I don't know,
I just don't know what to do. We're
deep in debt, with not a cent to live
on. If I did consent to get along
on Diane's wages as a teacher, it
wouldn't be enough for our needs.
Will you please tell me what else
to do?"
BIRCHES AT NIGHT
by Ethel Jacobson
Birches at night
Beside the stream
Stand pale as wraiths,
Deep in dream,
Slim as maidens,
Veiled of face
By leafy scarves
Of shadow lace,
Which moonlight stitches
Silver-bright
For tall young birches
In the night,
Tall birch-maidens
In the night.
"There's only one alternative-
leave for Idaho with our neighbors,"
Mother said.
Father looked at her for a moment.
"I'll go now and tell our friends
we'll join them."
"Oh, don't hurry, Jim. It's chore
time and morning will be soon
enough."
"Pa, I thought you said that we
would be blessed if we answered
the call and came to Canada,"
Johnny asked.
I couldn't bear to stay longer and
hear the answer Father would try to
give his son. The horse was teth-
ered to the gatepost, so I slipped
into the saddle and started down
the trail. The sky was overcast and
the wind had freshened, clouded
with mist blowing in from the
Rockies to the west. There was a
certain fragrance, one I had almost
forgotten. Suddenly, I knew. First
the drumming on the old hat I was
wearing, then there were puffs of
dust everywhere. The horses began
running down the trail. The fra-
grance was unmistakable now, and
the drenching, long-awaited drops
filled the prairie air.
I had glimpsed a rider on the
road across the river. He had be-
come hidden in the swirling rain,
but soon I saw that it was Ben. We
met with a splash of hoofs, and the
horses, their sides dripping, came
close together. As he held me, the
sky and I poured long held back
torrents on his enduring shoulder.
Together we rode, holding hands
from saddle to saddle as we had
done weeks before.
"I don't know how to tell you, my
dearest, but something, some im-
pression just wouldn't let me go on
after I had written the letter to you.
The train crew thought I had taken
leave of my senses when I told them
to disconnect my boxcar from the
ones going north. It took a lot of
courage, but I knew that I wasn't to
go to High River. So here I am.
I'll hunt for strays and perhaps your
mother can use a man around the
place while your father is working
in Spring Coulee."
As we entered the house, I spoke
to Johnny, "Father was right. We
are blessed by obeying, by settling
in Canada."
With tears in his eyes, Father
said, "Pa always told me that when
troubles come thick, they soon get
their worst, then they start to mend.
I reckon he was right."
258
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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APRIL 1958
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So you ivant to raise a boy?
(Continued) and Jake will not.
Both boys have the same problems,
but they have different attitudes.
When the first boy was criticized for
being lazy, he did not like it any
more than Jake, but now he's try-
ing. On the other hand, Jake says,
"If those jerks don't like me the way
I am, it's their tough luck." Jake
is beginning to take pride in being
a misfit.
With Joe it is only a question of
time until people will have forgotten
that he ever had any problems. With
Jake it is only a question of time
until he has a criminal record. At
least, that is the immediate prospect
unless something radical and revolu-
tionary happens to change him.
Jake is developing the trademarks
of a delinquent:
1. His problems are becoming a
habit.
2. His problems are created de-
liberately.
3. His misbehavior is not occa-
sional but chronic.
4. His misbehavior tends to make
him almost universally disliked.
5. His misbehavior is making him
almost universally distrusted.
6. His conduct is moving in the
direetion of serious criminal acts.
What Can Be Done about
Juvenile Delinquency?
Fortunately, we are learning more
and more about ways and means of
helping boys like Jake. But, better
still, we are learning more and more
about ways and means of keeping
boys from becoming like Jake. In the
following articles of this series we
shall discuss many of the recom-
mended procedures in detail, but it
might be well even at this point to
list some of the basic lessons we are
learning.
First, parents need to know more
about the normal development of
children so they can distinguish be-
tween difficult behavior which can
be expected at certain ages and the
behavior which carries a clear signal
of "criminal delinquency ahead."
Second, a great deal more stress
must be placed on the building and
preserving of our homes. Every
community facility and service
should concentrate on stablizing the
home rather than replacing it. Stud-
ies show that even when children
are raised in deficient homes they
turn out better on the average than
those placed in institutions. There-
fore children should not be taken
permanently from their homes ex-
cept in the most extreme or impos-
sible situations.
Third, the major defect in the
training of youth today is their fail-
ure to learn respect for society's
"barriers." Youngsters get the idea
that no one is big enough to handle
them— neither their families, the
schools, the city, the state, nor even
the government. This is the result
of setting up standards and failing
to enforce them, gently where pos-
sible, firmly where necessary. The
situation is further complicated by
the fact that when families are criti-
cized for letting their children get
out of control, most communities
do an even poorer job when they
take the youngsters over. Many a
minor delinquent has developed into
a full-fledged, defiant criminal be-
cause he found that the juvenile
courts and other community agen-
cies were just too busy with cases
to keep track of him. Sometimes
youngsters who have been picked up
and released many times will offer
to make a bet with arresting officers
that nothing will happen to them
on their latest offense. This trend
must come to a halt, and a little later
we will discuss suggested ways of
doing it.
Fourth, lack of discipline in the
life of a child creates a sense of in-
security. When parents set up rea-
sonable standards and enforce them,
the child gets the feeling he is liv-
ing in an "orderly world." On the
other hand, when he is promised
certain penalties for certain offenses
and these promises are not fulfilled,
a child gets the feeling that his
world is unstable and is falling to
pieces.
Fifth, we are learning that crimi-
nal conduct has its roots in the un-
desirable experiences and ideas
which a child often stumbles upon
while very young. Therefore, close
supervision by a conscientious moth-
er during these early years is of pri-
mary importance in the proper
rearing of a child. Obviously, some
mothers have to leave home and
work because they have no alterna-
tive, but it is still desirable for them
to be aware of the tremendous haz-
ard involved in the "farming out"
of children. If at all possible chil-
dren should have their mothers
with them during these early years.
260
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
In our next article we will begin
our study of the normal child be-
tween the ages of one to three. Ex-
perts have called this challenging
period, "The Age of No Reason."
Your Question
(Continued) new and strange
doctrine. The repentant Jews took
it as an essential ordinance well
known among them and so it was.
According to many Jewish writers
baptism was an ordinance in ancient
Israel. Here are a few quotations
referring to this fact:
"Christian baptism is of uncertain
origin. . . . Possibly the baptism of
Jewish proselytes furnished the
model followed by Christian mis-
sionaries."5
"John stood forth in the spirit of
the prophets of old to preach his
baptism of repentance symbolized
by cleansing with water." (See Jer.
4:14. Ezek. 36:25. Zech. 13:1.)
"According to rabbinical teach-
ings, which dominated even during
the existence of the Temple (Pes.
viii. 8), Baptism, next to circumcision
and sacrifice, was an absolutely
necessary condition to be fulfilled
by a proselyte to Judaism." "Yeb.
46b, 47b; Ker. 9a; 'Ab, Zarah 57a.
"The only conception of Baptism
at variance with Jewish ideas is dis-
played in the declaration of John,
that the one who would come after
him would not baptize with water
but the Holy Ghost." (See Mark 1:8;
John 1:33.)7
In an article published in the
Tunes and Seasons, September 1,
1842, the Prophet Joseph Smith
wrote the following on baptism:
"In the former ages of the world,
before the Saviour came in the
flesh, 'the saints' were baptized in
the name of Jesus Christ to come,
because there never was any other
name whereby men could be saved;
and after he came in the flesh and
was crucified, then the saints were
baptized in the name of Jesus Christ,
crucified, risen from the dead and
ascended into heaven, that they
might be buried in baptism like him,
and be raised in glory like him, that
as there was but one Lord, one faith,
one baptism, and one God and
Father of us all, even so there was
but one door to the mansions of bliss.
Amen."8
BOB AND SUE, like thousands of their elders, have learned the truth
about the "lying allure of liquor."
HAVE YOU seen through the glamorous haze thrown up by the
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APRIL 1958
261
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PROJECTOR
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399
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262
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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APRIL 1958
263
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THE MOUNTAIN WEST/ S
S P APE
264
Adam S. Bennion
(Continued) of relaxation during
the busy times, he would often step
out into the hall, saying, "These are
great days."
In 1928 Elder Bennion began a
long service with the Utah Power
and Light Company.
Elder Bennion had given much
service to civic affairs. He was a
past chairman of the Salt Lake
County Chapter, American Red
Cross, and the Salt Lake Community
Chest; a past vice-president of the
Utah State Symphony organization;
and a former member of the Uni-
versity of Utah board of regents, as
well as being active in other civic
groups.
His pen, like his voice and his
life, had long been active in further-
ing the work of the Church and
the community.
He married Minerva Young in the
Salt Lake Temple September 14,
1911. They are the parents of five
children: Mrs. Ralph (Phyllis)
Stohl; Adam Y. Bennion; Richard
Y. Bennion; Mrs. Wallace (Marian)
Rogers; and Edmund Y. Bennion.
Also surviving are twenty-one
grandchildren and two sisters.
Elder Harold B. Lee, one of the
speakers at the funeral, said, in part:
"He was constantly teaching us
by his sermons and his teachings
how to give the best to life and
how to get the best out of life. 'Hap-
piness,' he defined, 'was something
within each of us and was not to be
found in anything external.' . . .
Brother Adam gave us a recipe for
happiness which consisted of five
ingredients that I shall only speak
of in headlines. . . .
"His first in his recipe of happi-
ness was a sense of achievement. He
declared, 'The door of opportunity
is wide open if you are prepared.'
He had his defeats in life— spiritual-
ly, scholastically, politically, and
otherwise, but he came to know
that when God closes one door he
opens two others.
"His second in this recipe was to
learn to enjoy the heritage that has
been left to us. 'Be interested in
cultural things,' he said, 'be familiar
with the best thought in the world,'
always stressing the four greatest
books in all the world, the standard
Church works, about which he said,
'after reading, you will never there-
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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APRIL 1958
265
SAFEWAY
A FRIEND OF THE FAMILY
-FRIEND OF THE FARMER
Farmers and homemakcrs fre-
quently raise the question about the
spread between the price paid to
farmers and the price paid by the
customer for meat — beef, for in-
stance.
Many think any increased spread
indicates increased profits for the
retail store. This is not true. The
big difference comes in the in-
creased operating costs in processing
and selling.
Typical examples of increased
costs in retail stores today compared
with 1950 tell the story:
Item Increase
Wages (based on salary of
head meat-cutter) ...67.5%
Cost of refrigerated meat
display case 15.4%
Cost of advertising beef (based
on rate increase in repre-
sentative newspapers) 61.9%
Cost of packaging materials.... 10.0%
Safeway has always paid top mar-
ket prices to farmers for quality
meat and sold to its customers at
lowest prices.
SAFEWAY Is a Friend of the
Family . . . And a Friend
of the Farmer.
SAFEWAY
after be the same.' . . .
"The third of his recipe for hap-
piness was the building of a home.
'Real happiness,' he declared, 'cen-
ters around the hearthstone.' He
was saying that to all of us as well
as you, his family treasures— Phyllis,
Bud, Dick, Marian, and Ned. 'Re-
member that where family life ends,
child delinquency begins.' . . .
"The fourth of his list was: 'Strive
to make others happy. The person
who is thinking and doing for others
is happy. Happiness lies in that
little kindness we do when we ex-
pect nothing in return.' . . .
"And finally he said, If all other
things are gone that make for hap-
piness, there is one thing that no
one can take from you— your spir-
itual reaching out towards God.' . . .
"Perhaps the crowning experience
of his life was his visit in 1956 to
the Holy Land. . . . The guide . . .
led him to the tomb belonging to
Joseph of Arimathaea in the days
when Jesus lived and in which
Jesus, our Savior, was entombed
"coming to ourselves
99
THE
SPOKEN
WORD
Richard L. Evans
Our thoughts turn today to what, for want of better
words, could be called the process of "coming to
ourselves." It is always a heartbreak to parents
when children depart from right and respected
ways, and it is always a hazard to youth— ( indeed
to anyone)— when they rebel against law, against authority, against
respectful consideration of counsels and precautions that could save
much heartbreak and many mistakes. We cannot avoid acute
sorrow in seeing someone live so as to throw away his best chances
for happiness and for high accomplishment in the living of his
life. ( The prodigal son is, of course, the case most cited of someone
who first had "to come to himself" before he could properly appraise
the things that forever mean the most.) But if only they could
come to themselves sooner— for learning by living the wrong way
is difficult and dangerous. If youth could only better understand
the position of parents! If parents could only help them better
understand! Surely it shouldn't be too difficult for youth to see
that there is some value and advantage in the seasoning that parents
have had, in judgment, in maturity; and that there are surely some
things that parents can save them. And yet somewhat in every
age we have before us the picture of parents praying and pleading,
and earnestly seeking to save the next generation from making
needless mistakes— earnestly trying to teach that happiness, and
soundness, and safety and peace are found with respectful love of
loved ones, and only within the respectful living of law. The plead-
ing of parents is not for narrow reasons— but only because of a great
love and a great responsibility; only because they want their chil-
dren to succeed, now and everlastingly in life; only because they
want them to have happiness. This is the only reason the Lord
God himself has given commandments, and the only reason parents
pray and plead against youth's walking in careless or shortsighted
ways. And we would plead this day to those who have turned
away from solid counsel, from sound teaching, from waiting homes
and yearning hearts, to "come to themselves," to turn back and not
to step farther down any wrong road. Thank God for the power
of repentance that somehow, sometime, touches and turns those
who foolishly or carelessly have followed for a time wrong or waste-
ful ways.
"The Spoken Word" from Temple Square presented over KSL and the
Columbia Broadcasting System, February 2, 1958. Copyright 1958.
266
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
after the crucifixion. As the guide
stood there he said, turning to the
group of sightseers, among whom
was Brother Bennion, "There are
many tombs of great men to be
found all over the earth, but this one
is different from any of the others—
this one is empty!' And Brother Ben-
nion said, as he expressed how
profoundly touched he was that, 'It
was worth all my effort in visiting
the Holy Land to hear that one state-
ment and a declaration of that pro-
found truth, this tomb is different
from all others in the earth! this
tomb is empty.'"
President David O. McKay was
the other speaker, saying:
". . . It has been truly said, that
'the masses of men worry themselves
into nameless graves, while here and
there a great, unselfish soul forgets
himself into eternity.' Our departed
brother was one of those great, un-
selfish souls who forget themselves
for others and win immortality. He
was rich in inheritance, . . . superior
in achievement, loyal in friendship,
indefatigable in service, true and
devoted as husband and father,
faithful to every duty and appoint-
ment of the Lord Jesus Christ. How
thrilled he was, as he filled those
appointments, was evidenced every
week when he came back and gave
his report to the Presidency and the
Twelve, radiating a satisfaction in
service that seemed to have no
bounds. . . .
"The desire to bless others came
to Brother Bennion by inheritance,
and he manifested that desire con-
tinually throughout a long and use-
ful life. . . .
"That is the testimony— our broth-
er is alive. He is mingling with
other spirits who died before him.
That is a glorious fact and a great
comfort to sorrowing hearts today,
and hearts are sorrowing because
Adam's going came so suddenly. . . .
"Sister Bennion, your choice and
blessed sons and daughters, grand-
sons and granddaughters, in the
words of a poet, 'Your beloved hus-
band and father is not dead. He is
just away.' . . . May we follow his
example; improve our lives as he has
improved his and make us worthy,
as he is, to answer 'present' when
death comes, I humbly pray in the
name of Jesus Christ. Amen."
H
specially for your
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ion
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Hotel Utah Max Carpenter, Manager
APRIL 1958
267
The great labor of love
(Continued) great institution of
learning, another urge had welled
in their souls— not only in New Zea-
land but also throughout the sur-
rounding islands of Suva, Niue,
Tonga, Tahiti, Rarotonga, Aitukaki,
and Samoa, and on the wide conti-
nent of Australia. Before them
loomed the vision of a temple, a
house of the Lord, where they could
be welded into the chains of eternity,
where they could perform that
transcendent service for their pro-
genitors. This, Elder Cowley had
hoped and prayed for, perhaps more
than anyone else. For a century
Saints throughout these lands had
waited.
Finally, in the year 1955, Presi-
dent David O. McKay announced
the joyous news. A temple to the
Lord in New Zealand! Ground-
breaking ceremonies followed that
December, and a year later the cor-
nerstone was laid, with Elder Hugh
B. Brown, Assistant to the Council
of the Twelve, officiating.
Before all this, however, unknown
to the Church at large, a man had
come to that land on a special mis-
sion. Elder Wendell B. Menden-
hall, general chairman of the Church
building program, had been assigned
by the First Presidency to select
some likely spots on which a tem-
ple might be built.
In his message to the general
priesthood meeting in April 1955,
he said:
"Several spots which looked like
they might be desirable were found,
but as I was traveling in a car one
afternoon I came upon another spot
and without any question of a doubt
I knew the reason why the temple
should be there. I drove up over
the top of a hill overlooking the
area and my decision was con-
firmed."
Elder Mendenhall then described
President McKay's arrival among
the Maori people: ". . . the first time
in recorded history that the Prophet
of God [the President of the Church]
set his foot in this land."
Then followed an inspiring ac-
count. At dawn the white-haired
Prophet and five other men had
traveled with Elder Mendenhall to
the spot tentatively selected. "I had
not said a word to him. No one
else knew a thing," said Elder
Mendenhall. They parked and
walked a few paces from the car.
"When President McKay looked
around the area and saw this beauti-
ful hill, he said, 'This is the place
where the temple should be,' and
this statement confirmed the thing
which was in my heart. Then a
week later President McKay came
back to this beautiful spot, and I
bear witness to you, my brethren,
that I saw the Prophet of this
Church in the spirit of vision, and
when he walked away from that hill,
he knew the house of the Lord was
to be erected upon that particular
spot.
The property chosen, however,
did not belong to the Church, al-
though it lay between the college
THE
SPOKEN
WORD
Marriage -A Momentous
Investment
Richard L. Evans
Marriage is surely among life's most momentous
investments, if not the most momentous invest-
ment—the investment of ourselves and all that we
are, and of all the future, and the future of our
families. And since marriage is so momentous a
matter, we would plead this day for a greater attention to it— for
more earnest consideration before the making of a marriage, and
for more understanding of those we love and live with after a
marriage is made. No one perhaps can say with absolute certainty
what will make an enduring marriage, always and unerringly; but
there are some indispensable elements that shouldn't be left out of
the making of any marriage, and some foremost among them are
trust and confidence, and patience and faith, and kindness and en-
couragement, and common values and convictions, and an under-
standing heart. And as to love, lest some should suppose that it
has been left out, let it be said that love should always be an in-
gredient, but love likely won't live long without these other indis-
pensable elements. It is a thing of great good when good people
trust and understand each other: When, for example, a rather away
from home knows his children will be taught and cared for even as
if he were there— and knows that fidelity is as certain even as if he
were there. Marriage may well be life's most important decision,
and either as to getting into or getting out of, it is never to be
lightly considered. In marriage one cannot consider himself only,
nor the present only, but must consider the total effect of all he
does, the whole influence of all that he is, on himself and all others,
and on the family, into the farthest reaches of the future. Marriage
is not a matter merely of personal and passing pleasure, but must
be of enduring stability, built on character and consideration. And
in this, as in all other relationships of life, there must be much of
give and take, much of understanding, much of reason, and of
restraint from overdoing anything. And not even in times of
temper and tension is there place for the hard ultimatum, for the
"do this or else" attitude; but often surely there is need for "the
soft answer that turneth away wrath," and a little of the patience
and faith and forbearance that prove so wonderfully rewarding.
And since marriage is so momentous an investment of all that means
the most, again we would plead this day for more earnest con-
sideration before the making of any marriage, and for more under-
standing of those we love and live with. Among the greatest of
all good gifts is good and gracious living with the love of family
and friends, and the really wise will live so as not to lose it— now—
or ever.
"The Spoken Word" from Temple Square presented over KSL and the
Columbia Broadcasting System, February 16, 1958. Copyright 1958.
268
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
property on one side and a stretch
of Church farm land on the other.
To complicate matters, the owners
seemed unwilling to sell. Despite
this, however, and despite the
qualms of some brethren, President
McKay had breathed in the vision
of that high hill, and proclaimed,
"They will sell it; they will sell it."1
Before long, as had been pre-
dicted, the family agreed to sell.
But even the negotiation itself
contained an extraordinary facet.
"When we met with the attorney,"
Elder Mendenhall stated, referring
to himself and Elder Biesinger, "we
found the sellers had overpriced the
property considerably. After debat-
ing the matter for about an hour,
the attorney said, 'Would you be
willing to consider this purchase if
I break the property down my way
and arrive at its valuation?' And
we hazarded the chance and said,
'Yes.'
"He figured the property his way,
not knowing what was in our hearts
or that we had our own valuation on
paper in our pockets. He passed
his paper to us. We looked at it.
It was exactly the same figure, right
to the penny, we had figured that
morning before going to his office."
Indeed, prophecies were being
fulfilled in an astonishing manner,
but the Lord used men to fulfil
them. It took muscle and sweat,
tears, planning, love, hope, and
many a fervent prayer— especially
during those early days when hands
and hearts were few. Following
are descriptions by an eyewitness
reporter, Barbara Baigent.
"Once upon a time a man was
asked to go to New Zealand from
America to build a co-educational
Church College. . . . His name was
Elder George Biesinger.
"Around him he gathered a small
group of men, members of the
Church, who began work on the
project for wages. Life was not
easy. These men went to a bare
farm; their living conditions were,
to put it mildly, modest, and they
seemed to have an almost insur-
mountable task before them. Even
the weather, in those early days,
seemed to be unkind, and I well
remember the mud. Seas of mud.
And what seemed to be interminable
acres of long, wet, sticky grass with
the brown peat swamp for an un-
promising background. They came
(See page 287 for footnotes.)
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269
as strangers to the area, too, repre-
senting a comparatively unknown
religion in the district, one regarded
with a certain amount of reservation.
". . . no one wanted to leave home
to work at Tuhikaramea and live in
a tent. The job just wasn't impor-
tant to anyone who had not given
it serious thought, and extra labor
could not be found.
"Then one day Mr. Biesinger ap-
proached a man named Maurie Pear-
son with a question: 'Would you
come and work here on a mission
calj?'
'Yes,' came the reply.
"Four others answered, 'yes,' also
—John Elkington, Jim Hapeta, Sam
Beasley, and Jock Guy.
"So at the next Hui Tau [confer-
ence] at Hastings these disciples set
out to tell their story. They took
plans and models, and a tent for
a display, and were allotted a ses-
sion at this conference. Before a
gathering of some five thousand,
they explained what they wished to
accomplish, and how they thought
it could be done. They asked
whether the districts would send
men to the project, support and
feed them. When the time came
to vote, there was not one dissenting
voice.
"So grand was the response that
every available truck was commis-
sioned, and sixty men returned to
the project afterward.
"I asked George Biesinger where
he put the men when they arrived.
" 'Goodness knows,' he said grin-
ning. 'And we've been having the
same trouble ever since.'
"And that was how it all began."
Like Nauvoo the Beautiful, a great
Church community has emerged
from a virtual swampland. In its
incipience, the workers' living quar-
ters were flooded at times. Merely
finding places to live posed a serious
difficulty.
Under the control of such stal-
warts the work rolled forth; but
surely the Lord did not intend that
his servants should never rest, or
seek recreation.
"To everything there is a sea-
son. . . .
"... a time to laugh ... a time
to dance. . . ."2 What were hundreds
of people to do in their time off,
many of them fifteen- and sixteen-
year-old boys? What about the
children?
Even when the pioneers were
crossing the plains, amid danger
and travail, they had not neglected
this aspect of their lives. Typically,
the Saints in New Zealand devised
a comprehensive program of enter-
tainment and personal development
for every day of the week. On
Sundays, regular Church services
are held, and daily gospel study
classes are conducted.
While there is no exact method
of tabulating the project's benefits
to those many faithful men and
women— even insofar as material
gains go, reporter Barbara Baigent
provides an estimation:
"Let's look at the hundreds of
boys who have passed through the
labor groups and gone into trades
throughout the country. It is quite
safe to say that at least sixty percent
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THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
of these boys, predominantly Maori,
would never have learned a trade.
Many of them would never have
undertaken permanent occupations,
but would have led a precarious ex-
istence doing mere seasonal work.
"Now they have backgrounds of
plumbing, electrical work, joinery,
carpentry, bricklaying, timber tanal-
ising, painting . . . and already busi-
ness firms are asking to be 'put on
the waiting list' for staffing, when
the boys finish their missions."
One worker is now a contractor
with seventeen men working for
him. Other workers have been em-
ployed as expert mechanics. As one
missionary put it, "The Lord is the
most generous paymaster of all."
The Lord God is not unmindful of
the fact that men have left impor-
tant, even lucrative positions in the
United States, willingly supported
by their wives and children, left all
home ties and friends for years,
some of them with only a few days
notice, to perform their great work
of love.3
Labor missionaries are working
feverishly to prepare the mighty
temple for its dedication on April
20th, by President McKay. Some
who have completed their missions
are returning to aid in this crucial
phase of the work.
Once more the Prophet of God
will appear in New Zealand, to dedi-
cate the million-dollar temple, a
temple which will serve the whole
South Pacific. And then, for many
of the faithful labor missionaries, it
will be a homecoming time, the re-
turn, after long, hard, happy years
of service.
For Saints in the Pacific, it will be
a gathering time, unto the house
they have awaited, lo, these many
years.
At the cornerstone laying in 1956,
Elder Hugh B. Brown offered an
admonition with a promise:
"Be true, be constant, be faithful,
endure to the end, keep clean in
thought and action, live the gospel
in your home, be worthy to be
called the Saints of God, be worthy
to come to the house of the Lord,
and if you will, I promise you that
there will be greater things in the
future than any man has yet fore-
seen for you; for the people of this
land, for your ancestors, and for your
descendants."
Who could ask more?
(See page 287 for footnotes.)
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APRIL 1958
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SALT LAKE • OGDEN • IDAHO FALLS
The Standards of the Church
(Continued) and personal purity,
if we are selfish or envious and
covetous, or if we are dishonest or
try to get something for nothing, if we
disobey the commandments, we may
be led into all kinds of crimes and
tragedies; we shall have missed the
salvation we thought we were going
to attain; we will be unfit for fellow-
ship and association with those who
are faithful and true, and in many
instances be unfit for human society
and so be put in places of imprison-
ment and become human outcasts.
Sin never brought happiness. Right-
eousness alone will bring enduring
joy and great achievement, achieve-
ment that will extend into eternity.
"Let us hear the conclusion of the
whole matter: Fear God, and keep
his commandments: for this is the
whole duty of man.
"For God shall bring every work
into judgment, with every secret
thing, whether it be good, or
whether it be evil." (Eccl. 12:13-14.)
Knowledge, in truth, is the great
sun in the firmament. Life and
power are scattered with all its
beams.— Daniel Webster.
The teachings and standards of
the Church are to be lived by each
of us. They are to be manifest in
our homes, in our families, among
our members. They are to be
taught to our children and estab-
lished in their lives through oncom-
ing generations. Living the teach-
ings and standards of the Church
will change society, will change the
world. Nothing else will. Endur-
ing peace for the world must be
rooted in righteousness. It may
not be accomplished by treaties, by
political arrangements, but in a so-
ciety and a world that is at peace—
an enduring and lofty peace— it will
have been accomplished by a people
who love and serve the Prince of
Peace, by a people who are a right-
eous people. That is what was
meant by the angels at the birth of
Christ when they brought a mes-
sage of "peace on earth and good
will among men." (See Luke 2:14.)
The world will move toward that
end when and if they accept Jesus
as their .Redeemer and keep his
commandments and not until then.
The other responsibility referred
to is that it is our duty to keep the
commandments of God for the sal-
vation of the world. This is clearly
stated in the revelations quoted,
that our lives should be a standard
by which the world could live; that
the members of the Church should
so live that the world seeing their
lives would receive light therefrom
and thus glorify God.
The gospel of Jesus Christ is best
understood when it is seen as it is
lived by those who believe in it.
Some men may not believe our the-
ology but they will believe our
lives. Many will never have a
chance in any other way to know
what our teachings and doctrines
are, what our message is as to the
restoration of the true and living
Church.
Many have heard of Mormon-
ism and have heard of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,
but it may only bring to their
minds misrepresentations and false-
hoods that have been published
about us, or it may bring no defi-
nite idea to them as to the true
nature of the Church. But if we
are all true to the Church and if we
are all true to our obligations in
living the principles of the gospel
and true to our obligation of carry-
ing the gospel to the world, by so
doing a knowledge of the gospel
will spread throughout the earth.
We should be sure as a people that
we are living up to its principles,
that we are not betraying the
Church, that people may see in our
lives and characters the principles
that we have proclaimed, and there-
by their faith will be increased, and
they will be led to membership in
the true and living Church as again
restored to the earth for the last
time, and the Church will be able
to accomplish the great things that
are yet to be accomplished in the
world, even as in many parts they
are now being accomplished. And
the light of the kingdom of God will
spread over the world and bring
peace and salvation. "Verily I say
unto you all: Arise and shine forth,
that thy light may be a standard
for the nations." (D & C 115.5.)
272
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Bookrack
THE BANNOCK OF IDAHO
Brigham D. Madsen. The Caxton
Printers, Ltd., Caldwell, Idaho. 1958.
S82 pages. $5.00.
This definitive study of the Ban-
nock includes work on the Shoshoni,
the Paiute, the Lemhi, and some-
thing of the Flathead and the Black-
feet. The author, who spent his
youth in Pocatello, Idaho, near the
center of the Indians whom he dis-
cusses, is a graduate in history, with
six years teaching experience at
Brigham Young University, and one
year as acting chairman of the his-
tory department at that institution.
He currently is a lecturer in history
at the University of Utah in Salt Lake
City where he makes his home. He
earned his M.A. and his Ph.D. de-
grees from the University of Cali-
fornia at Berkeley.
The book reflects the author's
scholarship. Thoroughly annotated,
the book provides fascinating, fac-
tual history. To Latter-day Saints
the book affords insight into the
Mormon mission to the Indians, as
well as the movement of settlers
into the Idaho area. All in all, Dr.
Madsen does a remarkable work in
recreating the frontier era. The il-
lustrations by Maynard Dixon Stew-
art enhance the book.— M . C. /.
THROUGH THE YEARS
Bertha A. Kleinman. L. Max Connol-
ly Publications, Tempe, Arizona.
1957. 340 pages.
Friends of Bertha Kleinman will
be happy to have her collected
poems available in book form as
will others who have read her poetry
in leading periodicals of the Church.
The book has seven parts: Idyls
and Ideals, Desert Gloaming, Friend-
ship Folio, Home Ties, Patriotic
and (Continued on page 287)
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The Lord Is Resurrected
(Continued) Mary Magdalene,
however, who had followed them
back to the tomb, did not leave.
She wanted to check again, for
herself. Upon looking into the
sepulchre, she saw the two angels
sitting, one at the head and the other
at the feet of where Jesus' body had
lain. One of them said to her,
"Woman, why weepest thou?"
"Because," she answered, "they
have taken away my Lord, and I
know not where they have laid him."
Then she turned away from the
tomb, weeping heavily, and through
her tear-dimmed eyes she saw a
man whom she supposed to be the
gardener, but who was in reality
the Savior. Repeating the question
of the angel he asked, "Woman, why
weepest thou?"
"Sir," Mary begged, unwilling to
"the best tranquilizer .
a
THE
SPOKEN
WORD
Richard L. Evans
Recently somewhere we have read this short and
incisive sentence: "The best tranquilizer is a clear
conscience."1 Some troubles come by accident or
illness or material misfortune (or from the faith-
lessness of others ) . But as to those troubles which
men bring on inside themselves, often they come because someone
has tried some kind of short-cut— because someone has supposed that
the laws of God, the laws of men, the laws of self-respect, the laws
of society can easily be set aside without adverse effect. And some-
times those who so proceed tell themselves that what they do which
they shouldn't do isn't really so very serious— because aren't the
commandments and conventions old-fashioned after all— or isn't
what others are doing really much worse? And so there is a kind
of rationalizing which seeks to nullify facts: Seldom does a thief
say, I am a thief. Seldom does one unfaithful say, I am unfaithful.
Too seldom does the doer of wrong tell himself the truth— at least
not at first. But sooner or later there comes an awareness within
that the commandments are basic laws of life which men must keep
if they are to live peaceably together, or at peace inside themselves.
So basic are they to the very nature of man that in a sense they
enforce themselves, as suggested in a sentence from Elbert Hubbard
which says: "Men are punished by their sins, not for them."2 There
are many laws in life which in this sense are self-enforcing. The
Lord God hasn't simply sat down and thought up a series of thou
shalt nots. He knows us. He knows our nature. He knows what
will make us happy or unhappy, what will help or impede our
progress— and this isn't something that someone has merely sup-
posed. But blessedly there is the principle of repentance, and
blessedly the Lord forgives upon evidence of sincere repentance—
not merely for superficially saying I am sorry, and then repeating
old errors, but the kind in which a man says in his soul inside of
himself, "I will turn away from what I shouldn't do," and then does
what he should do. And just because we may have gone one step
down a wrong road is no reason why we have to take two. The
only sound and peaceful way to live is to face facts, to keep the
commandments, to do our best to be what we should be, and not
to rationalize our errors. To repeat the sentence at first cited:
"The best tranquilizer is a clear conscience."1
(See page 287 for footnotes.)
'The Spoken Word" from Temple Square presented over KSL and the
Columbia Broadcasting System, January 26, 1958. Copyright 1958.
274
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
face him because of her tears, "if
thou have borne him hence, tell me
where thou hast laid him, and I will
take him away."
With the tenderness and love that
only Jesus could manifest, he spoke
her name: "Mary."
In that one glorious moment her
extreme sorrow changed to inde-
scribable joy, as she turned, looked
upon his face, and realized that this
was not the gardener, but the Risen
Lord! Indeed it was he who so re-
cently had been scourged and cruci-
fied, whom she herself had seen suffer
on the cross until life had ebbed
away, and whose lifeless body she
had helped lay in the tomb. Having
triumphed over death, he stood in
majesty before her!
When at last she found her voice,
and action came back to her stunned
body, she started toward him. "Mas-
ter," she exclaimed joyfully. But
the Lord restrained her, "Touch me
not," he gently said, "for I am not
yet ascended to my Father: but go
to my brethren, and say unto them,
I ascend unto my Father, and your
Father; and to my God, and your
God." He later permitted others
to touch him so it is assumed that
after his appearance to Mary he
did ascend to his Father.
As the other women were hasten-
ing to tell the disciples about the
empty tomb, Jesus appeared to them.
"All hail," he said.
As they "came and held him by
his feet and worshiped him" Jesus
instructed, "Be not afraid: go tell
my brethren that they go into Gali-
lee, and there shall they see me."
These were the first two of some ten
recorded appearances of the Risen
Lord to his followers during the
forty days he was to labor among
them.
Emmaus is a village about eight
miles northwest of Jerusalem. Two
of the disciples were walking toward
that little town, talking of the events
that had recently transpired, when
Jesus appeared, walked along with
them, and engaged them in conver-
sation. Thinking he was a stranger,
they told him about their Lord and
what had happened.
"O fools, and slow of heart to be-
lieve all that the prophets have
spoken," Jesus said.
"Ought not Christ to have suffered
these things, and to enter into his
glory?"
Then he explained again his mis-
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APRIL 1958
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sion to them. When they had
reached Emmaus and sat down to
eat, he brake bread, blessed it, and
gave it to them. It was then that
their eyes were opened and they
recognized him as the Lord.
Peter was also blessed with an
appearance of the Savior, but of its
details we have no record.
As the apostles, with the excep-
tion of Thomas, sat at dinner that
same evening and the two disciples
and Peter were relating their expe-
riences, Jesus appeared to them.
Thinking they were seeing a spirit,
they were frightened.
"Why are ye troubled?" Jesus*
asked, "and why do thoughts arise
in your hearts?
"Behold my hands and my feet,
that it is I myself: handle me, and
see; for a spirit hath not flesh and
bones, as ye see me have." They
were overjoyed but still some could
not understand.
Calling for food, Jesus then ate
a piece of a broiled fish and a part
of a honeycomb. Again he explained
his mission, then blessed them and
bestowed the Holy Ghost upon
them.
When the disciples reported this
glorious experience to Thomas, he
was skeptical. "Except I shall see
in his hands the print of the nails,
and put my finger into the print of
the nails, and thrust my hand into
his side," he said, "I will not be-
lieve."
It must have been a long week for
Thomas, as it was eight days before
Jesus appeared to the disciples
again. To Thomas he said, "Reach
hither thy finger, and behold my
hands; and reach hither thy hand,
and thrust it into my side: and be
not faithless, but believing."
"My Lord and my God," Thomas
exclaimed.
"Thomas," Jesus said, "because
thou hast seen me, thou hast be-
lieved: blessed are they that have
not seen, and yet have believed."
In keeping with the instructions
of the Savior the disciples left Jeru-
salem for the trip northward to
Galilee, which was home to most
of them. What a happy journey it
must have been! They now had
seen the Risen Lord and had been
given the Holy Ghost to help bear
witness to them of his divinity. Not
only that, but the Savior had prom-
ised to visit them again.
One day seven of the disciples
were on the shore of the Sea of Gali-
lee, probably at or near the place
where Jesus first called Peter, An-
drew, James, and John to follow
him. Weary of waiting, Peter said
to his fellows, "I go a fishing." They
all liked the suggestion. "We also
go with thee," they replied.
But even though they seem to
have fished through the night, they
were not successful. When morn-
ing came Jesus was on the shore,
although the disciples did not know
it was he.
"Children, have ye any meat?" he
called to them.
"No," was their terse reply.
"Cast the net on the right side of
the ship, and ye shall find," he in-
structed.
They did, and caught so many
fish they could not pull in the net.
To John, this happening could
i
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276
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
mean only one thing. The man on
the shore was Jesus. Perhaps they
had even recognized him by now.
"It is the Lord," he said to Peter.
Impetuous as always, Peter could
not wait for the boat to get back to
land, but he put his coat around
him and jumped into the sea to
swim or wade to the shore. The
other disciples brought the boat in,
dragging the net of fish. A fire was
burning on the shore, and there
were fish and bread on it. "Bring
of the fish which ye have now
caught," Jesus instructed. With his
new-found strength Peter pulled the
net in alone, and they counted one
hundred and fifty-three fish. Jesus
then invited them to eat, which they
did.
When they had finished, the Lord
said to Peter, "Simon, son of Jonas,
lovest thou me more than these?"
"Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I
love thee," Peter replied.
"Feed my lambs," the Lord in-
structed. A second time Jesus asked
the question, and a second time
Peter gave him the same answer.
"Feed my sheep," the Lord told
him.
When Jesus repeated the question
the third time Peter was grieved.
"Lord," he said, "thou knowest all
things; thou knowest that I love
thee."
Again Jesus repeated, "Feed my
sheep."
The emphasis which Jesus placed
upon preaching the gospel must
have had an impact upon Peter and
the other disciples which they could
never forget. All of them were to
meet with many trials and hard-
ships for the gospel's sake, but none
of them was ever to deny again the
Lord.
"Verily, verily, I say unto thee,"
the Savior continued his instruction
to Peter, "when thou was young,
thou girdest thyself, and walkedst
whither thou wouldest: but when
thou shalt be old thou shalt stretch
forth thy hands, and another shall
gird thee, and carry thee whither
thou wouldest not." John tells us
that the Savior was predicting that
Peter would be crucified, even as
he had been, a fact which Peter
seemed to understand.
On a later occasion Jesus "was
seen of five hundred brethren at
once," and on another he appeared
to James. Of these visits we have
no further information.
Then came the time for the Lord
to leave the earth. Appropriately
enough he called the disciples to-
gether to give them final instruc-
tions. Matthew records his words
as: "All power is given unto me
in heaven and in earth.
"Go ye therefore, and teach all
nations, baptizing them in the name
of the Father, and of the Son, and
of the Holy Ghost:
"Teaching them to observe all
things whatsoever I have com-
manded you: and lo, I am with you
alway, even unto the end of the
world. Amen."
Mark's record reads, "And he said
unto them, Go ye into all the world,
and preach the gospel to every crea-
ture.
"He that believeth and is baptized
shall be saved; but he that believeth
not shall be damned.
"And these signs shall follow them
that believe; In my name shall they
cast out devils; they shall speak with
new tongues;
"They shall take up serpents; and
if they drink any deadly thing, it
shall not hurt them; and they shall
lay hands on the sick, and they shall
recover."
Now the Savior's work was fin-
ished, and after blessing his disci-
ples, "he was received up into
heaven, and sat on the right hand
of God."
John closes the next to last chap-
ter in his book with these words:
"And many other signs truly did
Jesus in the presence of his disciples,
which are not written in this book:
"But these are written, that ye
might believe that Jesus is the
Christ, the Son of God; and that
believing ye might have life through
his name."
He concludes his account of
Jesus' ministry with his testimony
of the divinity of the Lord and the
importance of his work:
"This is the disciple which testi-
fieth of these things, and wrote these
things: and we know that his testi-
mony is true.
"And there are also many other
things which Jesus did, the which,
if they should be written every one,
I suppose that even the world itself
could not contain the books that
should be written. Amen."
Next Month:
'Other Sheep."
Jesus Visits His
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277
Todays Family— Eileen Gibbons, Editor
by Lynne A. Pettit, Ph.D.
University of Utah
The formula 1 + 1 — 3 may be mathe-
matically incorrect, but it signifies a true
principle— that units acting together can
produce results far greater than the added
capabilities of the same units acting sepa-
rately.
Teamwork is a watchword in today's
world. Teams have become characteristic
f industrial research, of community enter-
prise, of political service, of exploration, of
sports. Blended individual skills and spe-
cialties in unified groups are increasingly
supplanting isolated genius.
There is inspiration in watching teams
in action. The members of a research
team lose themselves in the mushrooming
of ideas. "Brainstorming"— the free and
uninhibited exchange of ideas among mem-
bers of such a team— has fast become a
common tool in present-day industrial and
scientific development. Community team-
work can build strong parent-teacher asso-
ciations, substantial funds for charities, and
can complete community improvement
projects. A smoothly working team has
become the signature of successful football
and basketball coaching.
A successful coach once described his
team as "a harmonious group of effective
individuals who are at their best in each
other's company." Food is like that. The
food which sustains human life is composed
of the elements of which the body is made.
These elements make up a magnificent
team, the individual members of which are
at their best in each other's company. As
with any good football or basketball team,
it takes all members of the "team" of foods,
working together, to produce a smoothly
functioning human body.
The members of the food "team" are or-
ganized into proteins, carbohydrates, lipids,
vitamins, minerals, water, and oxygen. It
takes all of them for a complete team.
Leave one food group out of nourishment,
and the effect of the entire team may be
crippled. Furthermore, it takes all of these
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
groups present at the same time to
make the food team most effective
at any given time.
"I learn as much as possible about
each of my players/' said the coach,
"and then I give them a chance to
work together." This could well be
the advice of a nutrition counselor
on how to feed the human body.
Learn all that can possibly be
learned about the individual food
groups, then present them to the
body together and let them work as
a team! This is the case for the
completely balanced diet.
Proteins
Proteins are a diversified group of
foods made up of molecules of dif-
ferent sizes and shapes. All of the
proteins have in common one factor:
they are composed of "building
blocks" called amino acids, of which
there are about twenty. These amino
acids are relatively small molecules
of various sizes and shapes, each
having at its end two chemical
groups, one known as amine and
one as acid. By coupling with each
other through these active chemical
groups, amino acids may form al-
most endless varieties of extremely
large molecules with many char-
acteristic shapes and functions.
These large molecules, each con-
taining thousands of atoms, are the
proteins. They compose the great
bulk of the human body and must
be constantly repaired and replen-
ished.
The nutritional value of a protein
depends largely upon its amino acid
content, particularly of those which
cannot be made in the body. All
protein foods do not contain the
same amino acids nor the same ar-
ray of non-synthesizable (indispens-
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"Now I've got my whole club cooking the 'Yeast-
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whose cooking wins honors at the Utah State Fair.
"They loved my piping-hot chicken salad in a
crisp, tender crust I make days ahead.
And I told them the secret's to make
the crust with yeast. Fleischmann's
Active Dry Yeast gives such wonder-
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rising, too, and keeps for months."
/
i
— "YEAST-RIZ" CRUST
Combine Vi cup hot water, 6 tablespoons
sugar, 14 teaspoon salt. Cool to lukewarm.
Dissolve 1 package Fleischmann's Active
Dry Yeast in % cup warm (not hot) water.
Stir in lukewarm water mixture, 1 slightly
beaten egg and IV2 cups sifted enriched
flour. Beat until smooth. Stir in 1 cup grated
Cheddar cheese and 1 14 cups sifted enriched
flour (about). Knead. Put into greased bowl ;
brush top with shortening. Cover. Let rise
in warm place, free from draft, until
doubled in bulk, about 1% hours. Punch
down; divide into 3 pieces. Roll each into
10-inch circle. Press firmly into 9-inch pie
pan. Press edge with tines of fork. Brush
with 1 slightly beaten egg white. Let rise
until doubled in bulk, about 20 minutes.
Prick with fork. Bake at 300° F. for 8
minutes. Do not brown. Fill and bake or
store until ready to use. To store, cool,
stack and wrap in foil. Hold in refrigerator
1-10 days. Makes 3.
Chicken Salad Filling
Mix together 2 cups diced cooked chicken,
1 cup finely chopped celery, V2 teaspoon salt,
2 teaspoons minced onion, 2 tablespoons
lemon juice, % cup mayonnaise and l/i cup
Royal Walnuts, chopped. Put into "Yeast-
Riz" Cheese Crust. Sprinkle top with 1 cup
crushed potato chips. Bake in moderate
oven at 350° F. for 15-20 minutes. Serve
hot. Makes 4-6 servings.
For A Summer Treat— In 350° F. oven
brown a partially baked "Yeast-Riz"
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Fill with your favorite chicken salad.
Serve Cold.
The yeast
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able) amino acids (those which
cannot be manufactured in the body
and must be eaten). It is logical,
therefore, to judge the food value of
a protein by the proportions of in-
dispensable amino acids which it
contains. The amino acid content
of certain protein foods such as milk,
eggs, and meat is more nearly like
that of the entire body than is
the composition of certain other
foods such as white flour, corn,
and legumes. Therefore, a smaller
quantity of meat, milk, or egg pro-
teins than of white flour, corn meal,
or legume proteins will supply bod-
ily needs. It should be remembered
that an amino acid whether derived
from plant or animal sources is the
same amino acid and is equally good
as food. Most of us do not derive
amino acids from any one source of
protein but from many sources,
both plant and animal.
No one protein need have an ideal
mixture of amino acids as long as
we consume a variety of protein
foods. If one protein lacks a cer-
tain amino acid— as white flour for
example lacks lysine— this deficiency
can be balanced by eating a protein
food that contains an excess of this
particular amino acid, such as milk.
A mixture of milk and wheat prod-
ucts (for example, bread made with
wheat flour and milk solids) is nu-
tritionally superior to either one
alone.
The various amino acids needed
for protein construction are required
in the body "in each other's com-
pany." For maximum utilization, all
amino acids should be present in
the same meal. Protein foods which
lack certain amino acids will be
nutritionally poor when eaten alone,
but when eaten with other appro-
priate proteins may provide an ex-
cellent protein mixture. As stated
above, milk proteins supplement
wheat proteins if eaten in the same
meal. They fail to do so if the
bread or wheat cereal is eaten for
breakfast and the milk is consumed
at supper.
The human body does not have
the capacity to store amino acids
as it does certain other food com-
ponents. If there is an excess of
amino acids— more than the body can
use at the time in building protein-
it is likely wasted. Under certain
conditions the excess may be broken
down chemically to provide energy
to the body and some of the excess
may be used to synthesize some
280
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
•••••••••*•••
other amino acids. But amino acids
which cannot be rebuilt in the body,
once lost, must be replaced in food
from the outside.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are also essential
to human life and are an important
member of the food team. There
are many types, but the common
food forms are sugar and starch,
and one of their primary functions
is to provide energy (heat) for life
processes and activity.
Unlike proteins, carbohydrates
that exceed current needs for body
metabolism may be stored in the
liver and the muscles as glycogen.
These stores of energy are readily
available to the body and should be
kept well-filled for health and well-
being. Excess carbohydrates may
also be converted by the body into
various fats and stored in locations
throughout the body. Moderate
quantities of these fats seem to be
desirable as reserve fuel supplies
and as protective insulation to in-
ternal organs, but an excess is both
physiologically and aesthetically un-
desirable.
Lipids
The lipid group of the food team
consists of food substances char-
acterized by "fatty acids." Phospho-
lipids are important in brain cells
and body fluids. Steroids (such as
cholesterol) include vitamin D, sex
hormones, and secretions of the
adrenal glands. The most common
group of food lipids is the fats,
whose primary function in humans
appears to be as reserve energy
supply, although insulation for body
organs is not without importance.
The fats may also serve as impor-
tant carriers for fat soluble vitamins.
Stored energy in the form of fat is
very concentrated: Fatty acids may
carry almost as much potential
energy per gram as any known non-
atomic fuel.
Vitamins
The vitamin group of the food
team plays some spectacular per-
formances. Although vitamins are
utilized in bodily metabolism in
very small quantities, they are so
necessary to the "team" that lack
of any one of them may have dis-
astrous effects on the human body.
Diseases related to vitamins have
received much attention and deserve
serious thought in planning balanced
meals.
Vitamins are essential to some of
the complex chemical reactions
which are involved in cellular
growth, exchange, or assimilation.
They serve very specific purposes as
agents for transporting essential
materials in living chemical pro-
cesses.
Except for the fact that vitamins
are essential to life and are ordinar-
ily required in only very small
quantities, there is no other over-all
similarity among them. They differ
widely chemically, physiologically,
and physically, perhaps because
each has a very particular function
to perform. In the beginnings of
vitamin research all vitamins were
thought to be amines (in the chemi-
cal sense) and were named with
this in mind. Thiamine is an exam-
ple. But many vitamins are not
amines, and because the original
term "vitamine" was a misnomer, the
final "e" has been dropped.
Vitamin molecules are relatively
small compared to proteins and as
stated are very specific in activity.
Some vitamins can be conveniently
(even cheaply) synthesized in the
laboratory, but they cannot be man-
ufactured by the human body. They
must be taken into it as food.
Using letters of the alphabet to
name vitamins has no present sig-
nificance. Letter designations were
given vitamins as they were dis-
covered, and in some cases what
was originally thought to be a single
vitamin was later discovered to be a
group of vitamins. This led to the
attaching of numerals or subscripts
to letter designations. Vitamin A
implies that this was the first to be
identified, followed by Vitamin B.
"B" was later divided into a large
number of separate individual sub-
stances. So many fractions have
now been isolated that it is custom-
ary to refer to this group as the "B
complex" and to use chemical names
such as riboflavin for each member.
The title "B complex" does not indi-
cate similarity of structure or func-
tion.
Minerals
Minerals are also essential to the
food team since they contribute to
many critical cellular activities, such
as bone building and blood forma-
tion. Some minerals are needed in
only minute amounts (manganese
and cobalt); others are required in
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THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
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more liberal quantities (calcium and
phosphorus ) .
The important minerals needed in
food intake are generally indicated
as follows: calcium (bones, teeth,
body fluids, nervous system, mus-
cles, some enzyme systems); phos-
phorus (bones, protein construction,
sugar metabolism, muscle contrac-
tion, enzyme systems); sodium
(body fluids, blood, cartilage, mus-
cle); potassium (within bodily cells,
enzyme systems); chlorine (diges-
tive juices, blood ) ; iodine ( thyroid ) ;
bromine (blood serum and pitui-
tary); fluorine (tooth enamel); iron
(hemoglobin); magnesium (muscle
contraction, nerve functions); man-
ganese (enzymes); copper (en-
zymes involved in hemoglobin
production, hair and skin pigmenta-
tion); cobalt (vitamin Bi2); zinc
(pancreas). Other minerals have
been found in traces in human tis-
sues.
Water
It should not be overlooked that
one of the most important food ele-
ments is water. Life-promoting
chemical reactions occur in solution,
making water vital to the food team.
A minimum water requirement for
a normal human being is about eight
glasses a day and while most of this
is obtained as drinking water or in
beverages, a large part is also ob-
tained from water contained in solid
foods. About fifteen percent of the
water required for human "life" is
formed from the metabolizing of
foods, that is, through oxidation of
fats, carbohydrates, and proteins by
means of oxygen in the blood. Some
mammals, like the whale, take all
their water from the metabolism of
food and none from the salty water
environment in which they live.
Oxygen
Oxygen, of course, is vital to hu-
man life and holds a key position
on the "team." A man or woman,
breathing normally at rest, inhales
and exhales approximately 3300 gal-
lons of air a day. Since air is only
about one-fifth oxygen this means
about 660 gallons of oxygen daily,
only a small part of which enters
the blood through the lungs and is
used. For life processes the body
uses 175 to 350 grams of oxygen a
day, depending upon the quantity
of food utilized.
To know these food groups is to
know the members of the food team.
It remains to present them to the
body "in each other's company." The
human body can be likened to a
printed page. All the letters of the
alphabet are required to print a
meaningful book or newspaper.
How effective is a printed page
which uses only vowels or conson-
ants or only part of the alphabet?
What would this page be without
the letter e? Just so, can a human
body be built or effectively main-
tained with only part of the essential
materials required for cellular struc-
ture and activity or with omission
of a single essential "food"?
All the elements of living tissue
are needed, in appropriate combina-
tions, to build a healthy body. Bal-
ance in diet means completeness in
diet, which in turn means team-
work in foods. The body is made of
the food it consumes, and the food
components— like a team— are most
effective "in each other's company!"
Household Helps
Keep candles on ice for a day before
using on a birthday cake, and they will
burn slowly and evenly.— Mrs. O. C, Ran-
dolph Center, Vermont.
To keep crystals from forming on ice
cream made in the refrigerator, put the
tray in a plastic bag when it has frozen
to the mushy stage.— Mrs. B.C., Clarence,
Missouri.
To prevent nylon slips and dresses from
clinging, try using a weak solution of
permanent-type starch in your last rinse
water. A tablespoon of starch to a quart
of water is sufficient.— N. P., Denver, Colo-
rado.
To prevent a child from dumping out
the contents of a kitchen drawer, push
a yardstick vertically through the handles
of drawers down to the floor. All the
efforts of the little tyke will not dislodge
that yardstick.— Mrs. E. M., Lansing,
Michigan.
An easy way to wash the bathroom walls
and woodwork is to close all doors and
windows, turn on the hot water faucet,
and allow the room to be filled with
steam. Then go over walls and wood-
work with your favorite cleaning prepara-
tion. Dirt comes off as if by magic— Mrs.
R. M., San Francisco, California.
282
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
The Editor's Page
(Continued) Nazareth as having
risen from the dead. Hear the oldest
recorded testimony of the Risen
Lord:
"And that he was seen of Cephas,
then of the twelve:
"After that, he was seen of about
five hundred brethren at once; of
whom the greater part remain unto
this present, but some are fallen
asleep.
"After that, he was seen of James;
then of all the apostles.
"And last of all he was seen of me
also, as of one born out of due time.
"For I am the least of the apostles,
that am not meet to be called an
apostle, because I persecuted the
church of God." (I Cor. 15:5-9.)
The Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints accepts the resur-
rection not only as being real, but
also as the consummation of Christ's
divine mission on earth; and to the
testimonies of Peter, Paul, and other
apostles adds this mighty confirma-
tion:
"And now, after the many testi-
monies which have been given of
him, this is the testimony, last of
all, which we give of him: That he
lives!
"That he came into the world, . . .
to be crucified for the world, and
to bear the sins of the world, and
to sanctify the world, and to cleanse
it from all unrighteousness." (D & C
76:22, 41.)
In this age when the negative an-
swer to the ever recurring question,
"Is there a life after death?" begins
in doubt to oppress men's souls, we
can awaken the heart to gladness by
listening to "the testimony, last of
all, which we give of him: That he
lives!"
As Christ lived after death, so shall
all men, each taking his place in
the next world for which he has
best fitted himself.
To this truth may each recurring
Easter morning give new emphasis
and fill our souls with the divine
assurance that Christ is truly risen,
and through him man's immortality
is assured; and may the day soon
dawn upon the world when the false
concept that might makes right will
be supplanted by the higher ideals
of the gospel which radiate the
charitable, peace-loving spirit of the
Risen Lord!
11
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POSTPAID
These Times
(Continued) nity hygiene you
could be one of the Americans called
to form one of eight delegations to
go to Russia.
Five or six American writers will
be selected for the exchanges, the
same number of musical composers,
plus "three or four" painters and
sculptors and an unstated number
of civic officials, student newspaper
editors, representatives of youth and
women's organizations. All these
will be exchanged in 1958. Can you
nominate the six American authors
you would recommend for the mis-
sion? The composers? The others?
The Department of State will have
a small headache with this matter-
especially in an election year, and
especially if Congressmen and Sena-
tors begin to get endorsements of
"favorite sons" for the trip!
The New York Times said the
agreement foreshadows "a much
larger exchange of artists, scientists,
teachers, students, and university
delegations than has ever taken
Character, Confidence,
and Consistency
THE
SPOKEN
WORD
Richard L. Evans
In a recent forecast ten things are enumerated
which can be counted on, and this one sentence we
take from the ten: "Reputations will continue to be
made by many acts, and be lost by one."1 This
calls to mind a quote from an eminent American:
"Confidence is a subtle thing. It is built slowly and can be easily
and quickly shaken."- We are living in a time of many complexi-
ties, many laws, many technicalities, with men in many places ascrib-
ing motives to other men, and with some seemingly seeking to
destroy confidence. It is a time when reputations (and character
and confidence) survive with some considerable difficulty. And
it all argues an earnest urgency for "getting back to first princi-
ples"—back to those simple basic principles that we need always to
tie to, simply said in some simple sentences called commandments.
There are commandments against taking what belongs to others.
There are commandments concerning the care of the widow, the
orphan, the poor and distressed, and neighbors in need. There
are commandments against marital unfaithfulness and personal
impurity. There are commandments against bearing false witness,
and many other matters. And if we would honestly commit our-
selves to the consistent keeping of these simple commandments,
much that is now long argued and considered would be solved.
Both character and reputation call for consistency. Occasional
dependability isn't a dependable dependability and reputations
made by many worthy acts are often lost by a single unworthy one.
We need recommitment to the simple keeping of the command-
ments, and the confidence that comes with faithful consistency. We
need men such as can be trusted with uncounted money, with un-
audited accounts. We need more of the quiet consistency that
comes with the honest intent of keeping the commandments, so
that reputation (and character and confidence) may not be lost
by a single irresponsible act or utterance.
284
(See page 287 for footnotes.)
'The Spoken Word" from Temple Square presented over KSL and the
Columbia Broadcasting System, February 9, 1958. Copyright 1958.
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
place between the two countries in
the past." Initial plans now include
formal exchanges between Colum-
bia and Moscow Universities, and
between Harvard and Leningrad
Universities. There will be other
lectures exchanged in various fields in
other institutions. Under the agree-
ment the Philadelphia Symphony
goes to Russia in 1958; the ballet
troupe of the Bolshoi Theater comes
to the United States in 1959. Who
knows? The Tabernacle Choir may
get its chance in the 1960s.
The agreement also provides for
formal exchanges in the following
fields :
1. Radio and Television. "An ex-
change of broadcasts in science,
technology, industry, agriculture,
education, public health, and
sports."
2. Movies. In 1958, twelve to fif-
teen documentary films to be mutu-
ally agreed upon, will be exchanged.
Entertainment films (sales basis),
mutually determined, will also be
placed into channels.
3. Industrial technology. Techni-
cians in iron and steel, iron ore min-
ing, and plastics received prominent
mention.
The agreement of January 27,
1958, could become historic. It rep-
resents an approximation to what
William James called for as "the
moral equivalent of war" fifty years
ago.
Successful negotiations between
the Russians and the United States
since 1945 have been few: the
Treaty of Peace with Japan in 1951
(with the Russians disagreeing all
the way, but outmaneuvered by
Dean Acheson and John Foster
Dulles); the Austrian treaty of
1955; and now the agreement of
1958 on cultural exchange. What
would you give for a pair of tickets
in Yankee or Moscow Stadium to
see the Russian all-stars play soccer
football against the American all-
stars? Could the United States put
a soccer football team in the field?
Or would one expect them to play
American football? And what would
you propose for the half-time show?
It may be premature for this type of
consideration. But we are told that
track and field meets are in the
offing. Track and field is a good
place to begin. We have met in
the Olympics. Competition in track
and field tends to lie more between
APRIL 1958
Take Time to Listen !
Just 30 Minutes Of Your
Time Will Remove Any
Doubts About the Superior
Qualifications Of The
HAMMOND ORGAN
The Organ for the Church,
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Your Visit To Our Store During April Conference Will Prove
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GLEN BROS. MUSIC CO.
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3. Palmyra Pageant. Leave Aug. 2.
Visit most of the Church land-
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4. Fly with Empire Travel Service
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Transportation, hotels and a
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5. European Tour. 54 days in 11
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Write to
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Order an autographed copy of
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Full Church meeting facilities available.
285
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individuals than between teams of
nations. The tests of courtesy, good
manners, and sportsmanship for all
concerned might be easier to pass.
What William James envisioned, as
the twentieth century opened, might
well be realized in fuller measure
as the century moves to a close.
The American approach, like the
Russian, is not to turn all spears into
pruning hooks, swords into plow-
shares, or missiles into mattresses.
The very day the Americans signed
the cultural agreement in Washing-
ton, John Foster Dulles, the Ameri-
can Secretary of State, was in
Ankara, Turkey, attempting to forge
the Baghdad Pact into a NATO-like
shield. Included in his drive was a
scheme for new military superhigh-
ways to link Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and
Pakistan, and for joint organization,
command, planning, and maneuvers
of the military forces concerned.
He said there was plenty of Ameri-
can "mobile force of great power"
to back them up. The same day
President Eisenhower asked Con-
gress to enact a billion dollar science-
education program as a "security
must," following a defense budget
request of more than forty billions.
Yet to those who believe in the
unending search for truth, of the
power of ideas, of thought, of words,
of the impact of personality and
human lives in social intercourse, the
cultural exchange agreement holds
out hope for reduction of tension.
In 1958 it is fairly commonplace in
the United States to meet a young
man who has flown over the North
Pole and set foot on the South Pole
after landing at the American base
there. Fifty years ago, to have been
privileged to meet Roald Amundsen
would have been deemed almost as
remarkable as having dined with
Marco Polo. Today, many of our
young people have traveled from
pole to pole and have been around
the world at the equator several
times. The world is a neighbor-
hood. There must be good fences.
We seem to be getting them. Russia
"wants no more land," Khruschev
said at the Indian Embassy in Mos-
cow, the day the cultural exchange
agreement was initialed in Wash-
ington. Our fences will remain
strong. Nonetheless it may well be
that if the fences have gates, the
fences will last longer, provided the
gates are used and the fences re-
spected.
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
Bookrack
(Continued) Declamatory, Son-
nets, and Child Chatter— into which
the poetry is divided. There is also
a general index, an invaluable aid
in finding individual poems.
It is interesting to note also that
Governor W. McFarland proclaimed
a Bertha Kleinman day for Sunday,
November 3, 1957— as a tribute to
one who "has brought honor and
distinction to herself, our State and
our Nation, not only through her
writings but through her years of
warm and unselfish service to the
Church and her community: . . ."
-M. C. /.
ART AND PHOTO CREDTS:
209, 222, 249, 273, 288, John Davenport;
213, photo courtesy University of Utah Athletic
dept.; 222, Walter Lillian; 226-229, Lindberg
Industrial Photo-survey; 231, Bob Taylor; 232,
Harold M. Lambert Studios; 234, H. Armstrong
Roberts; 235, 241, Hal Rumel (also cover adapta-
tion); 237-239, Ronald Croshy; 242-244, Dale
Kilbourn; 247, 248, Three Lions; 250-251, Lorin
Wiggins; 251, 252, 253, Jeanne Lindorff; 253,
Otto Done; 278, William Beal and Ralph
Reynolds.
FOOTNOTES AND REFERENCES
FOR ARTICLES:
Your Question:
n Nephi 13:24-27. See also verses 28 and
29.
h Nephi 9:23-24.
3Moses 6:57-60. Compare John 5:4-8.
'Ibid,, 6:65.
^Encyclopedia of Religion, edited by Virgilius
Ferm, p. 53.
9The Jewish 'Encyclopedia, Funk & Wagnalls,
2:499.
Hbid.
8Times and Seasons, 3:905.
The Lord Is Resurrected
Scriptural references for this article are
from Matthew, 27, 28; Mark 16; Luke
24; John 20, 21; Acts 1; I Cor. 15; I Peter
3.
The Spoken Word
"The best tranquilizer . . ."
^Graham, Texas, Rotary publication (Author
Unknown ) .
2Elbert Hubbard, The Philistine. Vol. xi, p. 7.
Character, Confidence and Consistency
^Forecast, published by Wheelwright Litho-
graphing Co. Author unidentified.
2George Humphrey.
The Great Labor of Love
!"A Temple in the South Pacific"-Howe, Allie,
Era, November 1955.
fEcc. 3:1, 4.
°The Era expresses its thanks to George Bie-
singer and Barbara Baigent for supplying valuable
information.
&Kk THE BANNOCK OF IDAHO
OF IDAHO By Brigham D. Madsen
Just off the press, THE BANNOCK OF IDAHO covers a segment of North-
west history never before dealt with in detail. It relates the tragic account
of a proud and independent people who refused the blandishments of civiliza-
tion and who, because of their warlike attitude, gained for themselves a far
more important place in history than their small numbers would seem to
warrant. Their ability to arouse and lead other Indians established a reputa-
tion which made them feared by the whites as late as the 1890's. The
Bannock continuously opposed white encroachment on their domain and did
Mi<S»»rit MntM not desist from hostilities until the unchecked flood of white settlers finally
m>M convinced them of the absolute futility of resistance.
Here, read eye witness accounts of brutal massacres committed by both red and white man alike, the
story of the Mormon missionaries' attempt to bring Christianity to these people, and the tragic account
of the Bannock's last ditch struggle for survival as a nation. This is a painfully true story of the
white man's empty promises and treachery which have all but completely destroyed the Bannock. 382
pages, colored frontispiece, 12 illustrations from drawings by Maynard Dixon Stewart, 4 illustrations
from photographs, end-sheet map. Price $5.00 at your favorite book store or order direct from publisher.
WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG #88IE, which lists hundreds of volumes of authentic Americana,
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A 4 ft. (S-4-CT) Checkerette pro-
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APRIL 1958
IN USE For SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS
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Salt Lake City, Utah
287
The Last Word
Jesus will not judge humanity "by the hearing of
the ear nor the sight of the eye."— George Q. Cannon.
Dignity does not consist of possessing honors, but
in deserving them.
Gospel Messenger
Never say anything wrong of anyone, if you are
not quite sure about it; and if you are, ask yourself,
"Why do I say it?"
That modesty which seems to decline praise is often
only the desire to be praised more delicately.
Take time to think; it is the source of power.
Sincerity always carries the most weight in our re-
lationship to others. There is something compelling
and genuine which radiates from a sincere person.
The principal obstacles to influencing others are in-
sincerity and inconsistency.
A good example is the best sermon. Unless we live
up to what we say, we cannot have a lasting influence
on those who look to us for guidance. The world
needs less advice and more worthy examples.
Magistrate: "You cannot drive now for two years,
for you're a danger to pedestrians."
Defendant: "But your honor, my living depends
on it.
Magistrate: "So does theirs."
The grandest of heroic deeds are those which are
performed within four walls and in domestic privacy.
— Richter.
Take time to laugh; it is the music of the soul.
Economy in our affairs has the
same effect upon our fortunes
that breeding has upon our con-
versation.
Hope is a happy and a healthy passion.
Ignorance is the mother of impudence.
288
THE IMPROVEMENT ERA
How Standard's busy transportation system
helps hold down prices of petroleum products
Twenty-six Standard Tankers-
plus others that we charter— sail the
seas to keep crude oil moving to refin-
eries and more than a hundred finished
products returning to customers. A
supertanker can hold enough gasoline
to run your car over 10,000 years. On
inland waters, tugs, barges and smaller
tankers take over the transport job.
Rivers of crude oil and products flow
through 3364 miles of pipelines that
Standard operates in the Western hemi-
sphere. Also, we pay to send products
through other companies' pipelines.
They in turn use our lines. Through
these "steel arteries," oil is pumped
over mountains, as high as 9500 feet,
under rivers and through deserts.
Miles of railroad cars, thousands of
trucks, trailers, and semi-tank trucks
move finished products to distribution
points, service stations, airports, marine
stations, farms, factories and military
installations. Standard either operates
or leases nearly every form of transpor-
tation to keep vital oil supplies moving.
What's today's biggest travel bargain?— petroleum's trip
from oil well to refinery to you, a journey that often covers
thousands of miles by land, water and underground. To keep
the "fare" low, Standard serves the Western hemisphere with
a network of tankers, trucks, tank cars and pipelines.
They move oil in huge quantities carefully scheduled to match
production at the well, refining capacity and our customers'
needs. This far-flung transportation job is done at a cost so low
it amounts to a fraction of the price per gallon— generally less
than you pay to mail a postcard.
It's one way we work to keep down the price of the gasoline
you buy.
^^ STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA
N^j plans ahead to serve you better
Petroleum progress means . . .
Transportation to deliver the 55%
more oil U.S. will use by 1968
1958
380 million
gallons
per day
1968
590 million
gallons
per day
—without
mortgage insurance?
Some people — such as arctic explorers and
small boys who build precariously perched tree-
houses — like to live dangerously. But most of us
prefer to play it safe . . . especially when it comes
to home and family.
There is only one thing more pathetic than a
home without a mother — and that's a mother
without a home. If the privilege of living in a
home while you are paying for it is worth 5 or 6%
interest, then the knowledge that your family will
always have that home must be worth the
additional 1% or 2% that it costs for mortgage
insurance.
Will you leave your family a home — or just the
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